枣JMS2×交城5号F1代糖酸组分遗传变异分析

Genetic Variation Analysis of Sugar-acid Fraction in F1Hybrids of Jujube JMS2×Jiaocheng 5

探索枣杂交F1代果实糖酸组分性状遗传变异规律,将为枣杂交育种亲本选配和优异种质筛选提供理论依据。本研究以枣JMS2×交城5号的140株F1代及亲本为试材,利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定杂交果实糖组分和酸组分的含量。结果表明:杂交后代果实中糖主要是由蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖组成,其中蔗糖占比52.5%。糖组分变异系数范围为26.74%~35.45%,其中葡萄糖变异系数最大,蔗糖变异系数最小。果糖、葡萄糖的F1均值大于中亲值,蔗糖则低于中亲值。酸主要由苹果酸、奎宁酸和柠檬酸组成,其中苹果酸占比35.10%。酸组分的变异系数范围为29.67%~42.86%,苹果酸F1均值小于中亲值,草酸和富马酸的F1均值高于中亲值,其他酸组分受环境影响较大。糖组分、酸组分均呈现出正态分布特征,均是由多基因控制的数量性状。筛选出高糖杂交优系J17和J70。

The experiment aimed to explore the genetic variation at traits of sugar and acid components in F1 generation of the jujube hybrid,which might offer further support for selecting the parents and quality germplasm selection in breeding.The contents of sugar and acid components in fruit of the 140 hybrid plants of JMS2×Jiaocheng 5 and both parents were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The results showed that the sugars in fruit of the hybrid progenies were mainly composed of sucrose,fructose and glucose,of which sucrose accounted for 52.5%.The variation coefficient of sugar components ranged from 26.74%to 35.45%,with the highest variation coefficient of glucose and the lowest variation coefficient of sucrose.The average value of fructose and glucose in F1 plants were higher than the median value of both parents,while sucrose was lower than the median value.The main acids were malic acid,quinic acid and citric acid,of which malic acid accounted for 35.10%.The coefficient of variation of acid components ranged from 29.67%to 42.86%.The mean value of malic acid in F1 was lower than the median value of both parents,and the mean value of oxalic acid and fumaric acid was higher than the median value.The other acid components were largely environment-dependent.Both sugar and acid components showed normal distribution characteristics and were quantitative characters controlled by multiple genes.Finally,the optimal hybrid lines J17 and J70 with higher sugar content were identified.