二十四式太极拳练习过程中心率变异性各指标变化特征与对比分析研究

A Comparative Analysis of the Variation Characteristics and Indexes of Heart Rate Variability during 24 Tai Chi Exercises

聚焦二十四式太极拳练习的动态过程,通过描述各指标变化特征与分析指标特征间的差异,揭示各指标的灵敏度与解释力,为太极拳的自主神经的指标解读与报告提供参考。文章共招募45名武术专业大学生为受试者,以5分34秒(一套二十四式太极拳练习所需的时间)为数据截取基准,分别采集静息状态(T0)、运动中(T1、T2、T3,分别表示连续练习过程中第一遍、第二遍和第三遍,三个时间段)、恢复期(T4)的心率变异性数据。通过重复测量方差分析与事后成对比较分析得出,心率(Heart rate,HR)与相邻正常心跳间期差值平方和的均方根(The Square Root of The Mean Squared Differences of Successive NN Intervals,RMSSD)变化一致,在T0-T3时间段显著性增加、T3-T4显著性下降;低频(Low Frequency Power,LF)与高频(High Frequency Power,HF)变化一致,T0-T2显著性增加、T2-T3无显著性差异;低频比高频(LF/HF)运动期间无显著性变化,且数值均大于1。文章认为,二十四式太极拳练习的动态过程中,心率变异性频域指标相较于时域指标(RMSSD)更加灵敏和可靠,能更好地反映自主神经的变化,同时频域指标相较于HR指标可能更适合监测太极拳运动过程中的生理变化;但在LF的解释上仍需结合其它指标。建议今后的太极拳与自主神经相关研究以频域指标作为主要结局指标。

(Objective)To focus on the dynamic process of 24-type Taijiquan practice and reveal the variation characteristics of heart rate variability related indicators,so as to provide reference for the interpretation and reporting of autonomic nerve indicators of Taijiquan.(Methods)A total of 44 college students majoring in Martial arts were recruited as subjects in this study.With 5 minutes and 34 seconds(the time required to practice a set of 24-style Taijiquan)as the data interception baseline,the resting state(T0),the exercise(T1,T2,T3,Represents the heart rate variability data of the first,second and third time periods respectively)and the recovery stage(T4).(Results)According to repeated measure anOVA and pair-wise comparative analysis,Heart rate(HR)and The Square Root of The Mean Squared Differences of Successive NN Intervals(RMSSD),T0-T3 was significantly increased and T3-T4 was significantly decreased.The changes of Low Frequency Power(LF)and High Frequency Power(HF)were consistent,t0-T2 significantly increased,and T2-T3 had no significant difference.There was no significant change during LF/HF exercise,and the values were all greater than 1.(Conclusion)therefore,this study suggests that the dynamic process of twenty-four taijiquan exercise,the heart rate variability index of frequency domain than in time domain index(RMSSD)is more sensitive and reliable,and can better reflect the change of autonomic nerve,and at the same time frequency domain index compared with HR may be more suitable for monitoring physiological changes in the process of taijiquan movement;However,the interpretation of LF still needs to be combined with other indicators.It is suggested that frequency domain index should be the main outcome index in future studies on taijiquan and autonomic nerve.