贝那利珠单抗治疗重度嗜酸粒细胞性哮喘的临床研究进展

Clinical research progress on benralizumab in the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma

重度哮喘是指应用高剂量吸入性糖皮质激素(ICS)和长效β2受体激动剂(LABA)后仍无法控制或者需要使用ICS-LABA才能维持控制的哮喘,以重度嗜酸性粒细胞性哮喘为主要表型。贝那利珠单抗是抗白细胞介素-5(IL-5)受体的单克隆抗体,与嗜酸性粒细胞表面的IL-5Rα高亲和力结合,通过抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒作用快速清除嗜酸性粒细胞。前期随机对照试验研究结果显示,贝那利珠单抗可降低嗜酸性粒细胞水平,减少哮喘急性发作率和糖皮质激素用量,改善患者哮喘症状、肺功能和生活质量等。贝那利珠单抗在国内尚未上市,正处于临床研究阶段,本文对贝那利珠单抗治疗重度嗜酸性粒细胞性哮喘最新的研究进展进行综述,以期为未来临床应用以及同类新药的研发提供参考。

Severe asthma is asthma that can′t be controlled with high dose of inhaled corticosteroids(ICS)and long-actingβ2-agonists(LABA)or can only be maintained under control by using ICS-LABA,with severe eosinophilic asthma as the predominant phenotype.Benralizumab,a monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-5(IL-5)receptor,binds with high affinity to IL-5Rαon the surface of eosinophils and rapidly clears eosinophils through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.The results of a preliminary randomized controlled trial showed that benralizumab reduced eosinophil counts,decreased the annual asthma exacerbation rate and corticosteroid dosage,and improved asthma symptoms,lung function and quality of life.Benralizumab has not been launched into market in China and is under clinical research.This article reviews the latest research progress on benralizumab in the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma in order to provide a reference for future clinical application and new drug research and development.