“中文+职业技能”视域下留学生医学汉语口语交际能力培养探讨

On the cultivation of medical Chinese oral communication abilityfrom the perspective of Chinese+Vocational Skills

以16名来华MBBS临床医学专业留学生为研究对象,基于多重个案考察了学习者在任务驱动下医用汉语口语交际产出情况,分析了其在专业用语准确度、临床操作完整度和医患沟通顺畅度三个方面的具体表现,总结了学习者在口语交际过程中表现出的主要特点和存在的主要问题。结合学习者产出策略、师生互动指导、生生互评等环节讨论了医学汉语口语交际能力培养问题,提出医学汉语口语交际能力培养应注意做好学习者需求分析,以职业情境下典型任务为基本教学单位进行教学设计,分层次进行口语交际能力培养和根据学习者实际情况实施动态评估进而提升教学效益等教学改进措施。

With 16 MBBS clinical medical students coming to China as the research objects,this paper examines the output of medical Chinese oral communication driven by tasks based on multiple cases,analyzes its specific performance in terms of accuracy of professional terms,integrity of clinical operation and smoothness of doctor-patient communication,and summarizes the main characteristics and problems in the process of learners oral communication.This paper discusses the cultivation of oral communication ability of medical Chinese in combination with learner production strategies,teacher-student interaction guidance,student-student mutual evaluation and other links,and puts forward that the cultivation of oral communication ability of medical Chinese should pay attention to the analysis of learners needs,and take typical tasks in professional situations as the basic teaching unit for teaching design,teaching improvement measures such as developing oral communication ability at different levels and implementing dynamic evaluation according to the actual situation of learners to improve teaching efficiency.