中国居民健康状况与主观幸福感的时空差异——基于健康公平的视角

Temporal and Spatial Difference of Health Level and SubjectiveWell-Being of Chinese Residents——A Perspective of Health Equity

使用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,选取其中关于居民健康和主观幸福感的测量题项,以中国省级行政区为基本的分析单元,选取2005年、2010年、2015年和2017年四个时间节点,使用空间可视化分析、变异系数研究了中国居民健康水平和主观幸福感的时空差异,探讨中国居民健康状况与健康公平问题。结果表明:①中国居民的健康水平在空间上呈现出东高西低的分布特点,主观幸福感在空间上呈现北高南低的分布特点;②在变异系数方面,中国西北部省份居民健康水平变异系数总体上要大于东南部省份,但居民主观幸福感变异系数在空间上无明显分布规律,表明中国西北部省份居民健康公平问题更加突出。

In this paper,secondary data from the Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS)are used to select the measurement items of residents'health and subjective well-being.Taking the provincial administrative regions as the analysis unit,items in four years of 2005,2010,2015 and 2017 are selected for spatial visualization analysis.The results show that the health level of Chinese residents is high in the east of China but low in the west,and the subjective well-being is high in the north of China but low in the south.In terms of variation coefficient,the variation coefficient of residents'health level in northwest China is larger than that in southeast China,but the variation coefficient of residents'subjective well-being has no obvious spatial distribution.It indicates that the health equity problem of residents in northwest China is more prominent.