宅基地使用权信托流转的法律问题研究

Research on Legal Issues of Trust Transfer of Homestead Use Right

我国农村宅基地使用权流转模式现存在诸多问题,宅基地闲置问题无法得到有效解决,其主要表现为农村宅基地隐形交易,“小产权房”以及“空心村”等现象,这严重制约了乡村振兴建设的步伐。土地信托作为一种盘活土地资源的方式,在我国土地经营权实践应用中已初见成效。本文通过借鉴美国和日本已有的土地信托制度经验,以及我国土地经营权信托流转的实践经验,来对我国宅基地使用权信托流转进行可行性分析,并在此基础上来对宅基地使用权信托的三方法律主体进行分析研究,从而明确宅基地使用权信托法律关系的委托人、受托人和受益人应依次为农村集体经济组织、商业性信托公司和农户。本文分析的主要目的是要实现宅基地使用权自由流转,盘活农村闲置的宅基地,从而使得宅基地可以合理地并持续不断地向农村居民提供生活物质保障,并最终能够促进当下乡村振兴的建设步伐。

There are many problems in the circulation pattern of rural homestead land in our country,and the problems can not be solved effectively.Mainly,the phenomena of rural homestead land are the invisible transaction,"small property house"and"hollow village",which seriously restrict the pace of rural homestead development.The land trust,as a way of reactivating land resources,has begun to see results in the practical application of land management rights.By referring to the existing experience of land trust system in America and Japan and the practical experience of the right to use land in our country,this paper puts forward the feasibility analysis on the right to use land and analyzes the legal subjects of the three parties.Thus it is clear that the trustor,trustee and beneficiary of the trust legal relationship of the right to use the homestead should be the rural collective economic organizations,commercial trust companies and farmers in turn.The main purpose of the analysis of this paper is to realize the free circulation of the right to use the residential land,revitalize the idle rural residential land,so that the residential land can reasonably and continuously provide material security for rural residents,and ultimately promote the current pace of rural revitalization construction.