安徽省蚌埠市500名原发性高血压患者心理健康状况调查分析

Investigation on mental health status of 500 patients with essential hypertension in Bengbu City,Anhui Province

目的调查分析安徽省蚌埠市原发性高血压患者的心理健康状况及原发性高血压病程、等级与心理健康水平、焦虑、抑郁的相关性,为高血压患者制定合适的干预措施提供科学依据。方法于2022年1—6月对安徽省蚌埠市500名已确诊的原发性高血压患者进行调查,患者本人或其家属通过微信、QQ、浏览器填写症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)。统计不同性别原发性高血压患者焦虑及抑郁的患病率。采用SPSS 22.0统计学软件将高血压患者的心理健康状况与全国常模进行对比,并用Pearson相关性检验分析原发性高血压等级及病程与心理健康状况、焦虑抑郁的相关性。结果原发性高血压患者的SCL-90各因子指数及SAS、SDS得分均高于全国常模(均P<0.001)。男性原发性高血压患者焦虑、抑郁患病率分别为38.75%(93/240)、29.58%(71/240),女性原发性高血压患者焦虑患病率为57.69%(150/260)、42.69%(111/260)。原发性高血压的等级及病程与焦虑、抑郁得分的Pearson相关系数均在0.3~0.7之间,均P<0.001;原发性高血压等级与SCL总指数的Pearson相关系数为0.336,P<0.001。结论(1)原发性高血压患者的心理健康状况较差,女性原发性高血压患者较男性更容易出现焦虑、抑郁障碍。(2)原发性高血压等级与心理健康水平成反比,高血压等级及病程与焦虑抑郁程度成正比。

Objective To investigate and analyze the mental health status of essential hypertension patients in Bengbu City,Anhui province,and the correlation between the course and grade of essential hypertension and mental health level,anxiety and depression,so as to provide scientific basis for the development of appropriate intervention measures for hypertension patients.Methods A total of 500 diagnosed patients with essential hypertension were investigated in Bengbu City,Anhui province from January to June 2022.The patients themselves or their families filled in the SCL-90,SAS and SDS through WeChat,QQ and browser.The prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with essential hypertension of different genders was analyzed.SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to compare the mental health status of hypertension patients with the national norm,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the grade and course of essential hypertension and mental health status,anxiety and depression.Results The scores of SCL-90 factor index and SAS and SDS in patients with essential hypertension were higher than those in the national norm(both P<0.001).The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression in male patients with essential hypertension were 38.75%(93/240)and 29.58%(71/240),respectively,while the prevalence rates of anxiety in female patients with essential hypertension were 57.69%(150/260)and 42.69%(111/260).The Pearson correlation coefficient between the grade and course of essential hypertension and the score of anxiety and depression was between 0.3 and 0.7(both P<0.001).The Pearson correlation coefficient between essential hypertension grade and total SCL index was 0.336(P<0.001).Conclusion(1)The mental health status of patients with essential hypertension is poor,and female patients with essential hypertension are more likely to suffer from anxiety and depression than male patients.(2)The grade of essential hypertension is inversely proportional to the level of mental health,and the grade and course of hypertension is proportional to the degree of anxiety and depression.