甘草水氮效应研究及基于有效成分的水氮方案

Studuy on Water and Nitrogen Effect in Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Water and Nitrogen Scheme Based on Effective Components

为研究不同水氮配比对甘草生长及活性成分含量的影响,并提出基于水、氮因子的甘草有效成分含量的灌水施氮方案,以乌拉尔甘草为研究对象,设4种灌溉定额,4个氮肥水平,采用裂区试验设计,研究水、氮因子及其组合对甘草生长指标及有效成分的效应,并依据活性成分建立回归模型寻优,结合Topsis综合评价法确定最优的灌水施氮方案。结果表明:灌水极显著增加株高、侧枝数、根长、根鲜质量、根干质量、甘草酸、甘草苷及总黄酮含量;施氮显著影响株高、侧枝数、根长、根鲜质量、根干质量、甘草酸及总黄酮含量;水氮交互显著影响株高、根长、根鲜质量、根干质量、甘草酸、甘草苷及总黄酮含量。回归分析可知,当灌溉定额为3000 m^(3)/hm^(2),氮肥施量分别为108.86 kg/hm^(2)、134.20 kg/hm^(2)和144.28 kg/hm^(2)时,对应的甘草酸、甘草苷和总黄酮含量最高,分别为1.270%、0.670%和7.173%。结合Topsis综合评价法分析,得出甘草活性成分含量最大化的最优灌溉定额为3000 m^(3)/hm^(2),氮肥施量为108.86~144.28 kg/hm^(2)。株高、侧枝数及根长与甘草有效成分含量相关性比较高,可作为甘草有效成分筛选的指标。

In order to study the effects of different water and nitrogen combinations on the growth and active components of Glycyrrhiza uralensis,and to propose an irrigation and nitrogen application scheme based on the content of effective components which are related to water and nitrogen factors in Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Glycyrrhiza uralensis was taken as research materials,4 irrigation amounts and 4 nitrogen fertilizer levels were set up,the effects of water and nitrogen factors and their combinations on the growth index and effective components of Glycyrrhiza uralensis were studied.The regression model was established according to the active components,and the optimal irrigation and nitrogen application scheme was proposed by Topsis comprehensive evaluation method.The results showed that irrigation significantly increased plant height,number of lateral branches,root length,root fresh mass,root dry mass,glycyrrhizinc acid,liquiritin and total flavonoids content;the nitrogen application significantly affected plant height,lateral branch number,root length,root fresh mass,root dry mass,glycyrrhizinc acid and total flavonoids content;the interaction of water and nitrogen significantly affected plant height,root length,root fresh mass,root dry mass,glycyrrhizinc acid,liquiritin and total flavonoids content.The regression analysis showed that the contents of glycyrrhizinc acid,liquiritin and total flavonoids were the highest when irrigation amount was 3000 m^(3)/hm^(2) and nitrogen fertilizer was 108.86 kg/hm^(2),134.20 kg/hm^(2) and 144.28 kg/hm^(2) respectively,namely 1.270%,0.670%and 7.173%,respectively combined with Topsis comprehensive evaluation method,the optimum irrigation amount for the maximum content of active components in Glycyrrhiza uralensis was 3000 m^(3)/hm^(2),and nitrogen fertilizer application rate was 108.86-144.28 kg/hm^(2).Plant height,lateral branch number and root length had high correlation with the content of effective components of Glycyrrhiza uralensis,which could be used as indicators for screening effective components of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.