40种中草药对美洲鲥源温和气单胞菌的体外抑菌作用研究

The Antibacterial Effect of 40 Kinds of Chinese Herbal Medicines on Aeromonas Sobria from Alosa Sapidissima In Vitro

为筛选出对美洲鲥(Alosa sapidissima)源温和气单胞菌(Aeromonas sobria)体外抑菌效果较好的中草药,采用牛津杯打孔法测定了温和气单胞菌对乌梅(Fructus mume)、苏木(Caesalpinia sap⁃pan)、五倍子(Rhus chinensis)等40种中草药的敏感性,并进一步通过微量二倍稀释法以及涂布平板法测定了具有抑菌作用的中草药对温和气单胞菌的最小抑菌质量浓度(Minimum Inhibitory Concen⁃tration,MIC)和最小杀菌质量浓度(Minimum Bactericidal Concentration,MBC)。结果表明:温和气单胞菌对苏木、乌梅、黄连、石榴皮(Punica granatum)、五倍子和地榆(Sanguisorba officinalis)6种中草药为高度敏感,其抑菌圈直径为20.00~28.00 mm,其中苏木的抑菌作用最强,抑菌圈直径为(27.12±0.78)mm,对赤芍(Radix paeoniae rubra)、连翘(Forsythia suspensa)、白头翁(Pulsatilla chinensis)等23种中草药为敏感,其抑菌圈直径为10.00~18.00 mm;对其余11种中草药不敏感。苏木对温和气单胞菌的体外抑菌、杀菌作用最强,其MIC和MBC分别为7.81、15.63 mg/mL;其次为乌梅、黄连、石榴皮和五倍子,其MIC为15.63~31.25 mg/mL,MBC为31.25~62.5 mg/mL;其余中草药对温和气单胞菌的抑杀效果较弱,其MIC和MBC均分别高于31.25 mg/mL和62.5 mg/mL。综上可知,苏木对美洲鲥源温和气单胞菌具有较强的抑菌、杀菌效果。

To screen out the Chinese herbal medicines with better antibacterial effect on Aeromonas so⁃bria from Alosa sapidissima in vitro,the sensitivity of 40 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines including Fructus mume,Caesalpinia sappan,Rhus chinensis,and the others to A.sobria were determined by the Ox⁃ford cup method.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and the minimum bactericidal concentra⁃tion(MBC)of Chinese herbal medicines with good antibacterial effect on A.sobria were determined by the Broth microdilution method and the coating method.The results showed that A.sobria was highly sen⁃sitive to the 6 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine,including Caesalpinia sappan,Fructus mume,Rhizoma coptidis,Punica granatum,Rhus chinensis and Sanguisorba officinalis and its the diameter of the inhibitory circles ranging was 20.00-28.00 mm,among which Caesalpinia sappan had the stron⁃gest antibacterial effect with a diameter of(27.12±0.78)mm.A.sobria was sensitive to the 23 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine,such as Radix paeoni⁃ae rubra,Forsythia suspense,Pulsatilla chinensis and so on,with the diameter of the inhibitory circle of 10.00-18.00 mm.the other 11 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines were insensitive.Caesalpinia sappan had the strongest bacteriostatic and bactericidal ef⁃fect on A.sobria,the MIC and MBC of was 7.81 mg/mL and 15.63 mg/mL,followed by Fructus mume,Rhizoma coptidis,Punica granatum and Rhus chinensis,with the MICs of 15.63-31.25 mg/mL and MBCs of 31.25-62.5 mg/mL,the other Chinese herbal medicines were the Weaker bacteriostatic and bactericid⁃al effect on A.sobria,with the MICs and MBCs were above 31.25 mg/mL and 62.5 mg/mL.In conclusion,Caesalpinia sappan had the strongest bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect on A.sobria from Alosa Sapidis⁃sima in vitro.