飞机防冰除冰技术的研究进展

Research Progress of Anti-icing and De-icing Technology for Aircraft

结冰会影响飞机的气动性能,严重威胁飞行安全,防止或消除飞机关键部位的结冰尤为重要.首先总结了飞机结冰的主要原因以及冰的类型,对目前广泛采用的多种飞机防冰除冰技术的工作原理及优缺点进行了比较和分析,然后介绍了相关技术的国内外研究现状.在此基础上,重点阐述了两种新型防冰除冰技术——超疏水表面以及等离子体驱动器的防冰除冰机理以及探索性的研究成果.与传统的防冰除冰技术相比,两种新型防冰除冰技术更加绿色环保,能耗更低.

Icing affects the aerodynamic performance of aircraft and poses a serious threat to flight safety.Therefore,it is particularly important to prevent or eliminate the icing of the key parts of the aircraft.Firstly,it summarizes the main causes of aircraft icing and the types of ice,compares and analyzes the working principles,advantages and disadvantages of various aircraft anti-icing and de-icing technologies widely used at present,and then introduces the research status at home and abroad.On this basis,two new anti-icing and de-icing technologies——super-hydrophobic surface and plasma-driven anti-icing and de-icing mechanisms and exploratory research results are emphatically expounded.Compared with traditional anti-icing and de-icing technologies,the two new technologies are more environmentally friendly,with lower energy consumption.