奶牛酮病的危害及病理学变化

Harms and Pathological Changes of Ketosis in Dairy Cows

酮病是奶牛围产期常见的代谢性疾病之一,具有较高的发病率。酮病的危害主要表现为多胎次奶牛产奶量损失、脂蛋比改变、繁殖功能障碍和增加其他疾病的患病风险。近年来,氧化应激、系统性炎症、肝脏脂质沉积和胰岛素抵抗方面取得巨大的进展,然而关于奶牛酮病的病理学变化的报道较为缺乏。因此,本文围绕奶牛酮病的危害、酮病的病理学变化、酮病与胃肠道菌群功能的关联性研究进行综述,旨在为提高奶牛产后健康和降低酮病发病率制定新的营养调控策略提供理论参考。

Ketosis is one of the common metabolic diseases in the transition period of dairy cows,with a high incidence rate.The harms of ketosis of dairy cows were mainly manifested in the loss of milk yield,the change of the proportion of fat and protein in milk,the decline of reproductive performance and the increase of the risk of other diseases.In recent years,great progress has been made in oxidative damage,systemic inflammation,liver dysfunction and insulin resistance.However,there are few reports on the pathological changes of ketosis in dairy cows.Therefore,this review summarized the harms of ketosis,the pathological changes of ketosis,and the researches on the correlation between ketosis and gastrointestinal flora function of dairy cows.It is expected to provide theoretical reference for developing new nutrition regulation strategies to improve postpartum health of dairy cows and reduce the incidence rate of ketosis.