村干部职务行为对乡村治理有效性的影响及其作用机制——来自陕陇滇黔四省的经验证据

The Effect and Mechanism of Village Officials'Duty Behavior on the Effectiveness of Rural Governance:Empirical Evidence from Four Provinces of Shaanxi,Gansu,Yunnan and Guizhou

村干部职务行为是巩固和发展乡村治理体系、实现乡村治理有效的实践基础,对提升乡村治理有效性来说尤为重要。本文利用陕陇滇黔四省微观调查数据,构建乡村治理有效性测度指标和村干部履职程度测度指标,使用因子分析、OLS回归、分位数回归等方法考察村干部职务行为对乡村治理有效性的影响。研究发现:村干部履职程度及各分项均对乡村治理有效性具有显著的正向影响。其中,村干部履职程度对乡村治理有效性的影响在不同分位点上具有显著差异,随着乡村治理有效性分位点的上升,村干部履职程度的影响整体呈下降趋势;机制分析发现,村干部履职程度会通过治理技术水平和村规民约规范程度对乡村治理有效性产生影响;异质性分析表明,村干部履职程度对乡村治理有效性的正向影响在村干部为女性、村干部收入水平较低、县域经济发展水平较高的村庄中更为明显。鉴于此,本文提出强化村干部监督管理、创新乡村治理模式、开拓新型农村集体经济发展路径等对策建议。

The duty behavior of village officials is the practical basis for consolidating and developing the rural govermance system and realizing the effective rural govermance,and is particularly important for improving the effectiveness of rural governance.In this paper,we use the micro-level survey data of Shaanxi,Gansu,Yunnan and Guizhou provinces and construct indices to measure the effectiveness of rural govermance and the performance of village officials.Adopting factor analysis,OLS regression,quantile regression,and other methods,we investigate the influence of village officials'duty behavior on the effectiveness of rural govermance.The results show that the performance of village oficials and allthe sub-indices have significant and positive impacts on the effectiveness of rural governance.Among them,the influence of the performance of village oficials on the effectiveness of rural governance varies significantly at different quantiles.At higher quantiles of the effectiveness of rural governance,the influence of the performance of village officials in general is smaller The mechanism analysis shows that the performance of village officials impacting the effectiveness of village governance through the governance technical level and the specification degree of village rules and conventions.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive effect of the performance of village officials on the effectiveness of rural governance is larger in the villages where the village officials are female,the income level of village oficials is low,and the economic development level is high.Therefore,the government is supposed to strengthen the supervision and management of village officials,innovate the mode of rural governance,and explore development path of new rural collective economy.