公安专业新生的压力分析

Analysis on stress of freshmen majoring in public security

目的 了解公安专业新生压力知觉现状及影响因素,为采取早期干预提供参考。方法 2021年11—12月使用压力知觉量表(perceived stress scale,PSS-10)、大学生手机成瘾倾向量表(mobile phone addiction scale,MPAS)、简式韧性量表(brief resilience scale,BRS)、正念注意觉知量表(mindful attention awareness scale,MAAS)、一般资料调查表对广西警察学院402名公安专业大学新生进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 公安专业大学新生压力知觉总分为(17.82±4.24)分。不同性别、是否独生子女和不同入睡时间、每周运动次数的新生压力知觉得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);压力知觉与韧性、正念、学习获得感、人际关系和谐度均呈负相关(r=-0.53、-0.41、-0.15、-0.16,均P<0.05),与手机成瘾呈正相关(r=0.43,P<0.05)。心理韧性、正念、手机成瘾、入睡时间、是否独生子女均是公安专业新生压力知觉的影响因素(β=-0.361、-0.230、0.222、-0.100、-0.053,均P<0.05)。韧性在学习获得感和压力知觉之间以及人际关系和谐度和压力知觉之间起完全中介作用,中介效应占总效应的比值分别为73.23%和68.97%。结论 公安专业新生的压力知觉与韧性、正念和手机成瘾相关,也与作息有关,预防与干预可立足于积极的认知、行为而进行,从手机使用的引导入手,规律作息,培育正念,改善韧性,以提高学习和生活质量。

Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of perceived stress of freshmen majoring in public security,provide reference for early intervention measures.Methods From November to December 2021,the perceived stress scale(PSS-10),mobile phone addiction scale(MPAS),brief resilience scale(BRS),mindful attention awareness scale(MAAS)and general information questionnaire were used to investigate 402 freshmen majoring in public security in the Guangxi Police College,and the data were analyzed.Results The total score of perceived stress among freshmen majoring in public security was(19.02±3.56)points.There were statistically significant differences in the score of perceived stress among freshmen in different gender,only child or not and dfferent living habits(all P<0.01).The stress perception was negatively correlated with resilience,mindfulness,sense of learning gain and interpersonal harmony(r=-0.53,-0.41,-0.15,-0.16,all P<0.05),and positively correlated with mobile phone addiction(r=0.43,P<0.05).The psychological resilience,mindfulness,mobile phone addiction,sleep latency,and only child or not were the influencing factors of stress perception in freshmen majoring in public security(β=-0.361,-0.230,0.222,-0.100,-0.053,all P<0.05).The toughness played a full mediating role between perceived learning gain and perceived stress,as well as between interpersonal harmony and perceived stress,and the ratio of mediating effect to total effect was 73.23%and 68.97%respectively.Conclusion The stress perception of freshmen majoring in public security is related to resilience,mindfulness and mobile phone addiction,as well as work and rest,so prevention and intervention can be based on positive cognition and behavior,starting from the guidance of mobile phone use,to regular work and rest,cultivation of mindfulness and improve resilience,so as to enhance the quality of learning and life.