“‘以’学生为中心”抑或“学生为中心”:一个本体论的新认知

"Pseudo Student-Centeredness"Or"Student-Centered":An Ontological New Perception

“Student-Centered”在中国学界译作“以学生为中心”,日益被视为高校教育教学改革的主导理念。但实践中驱动“‘以’学生为中心”的主体并非学生本身,而是其外的教师和教育管理者,以学生为中心的理念难于落地,学生仍处于被动和从属地位。文章从本体论立场厘清“Student-Centered”在西方的起源与发展脉络及其在中国兴起与传播的过程,分析“以学生为中心”与“学生为中心”本体论立场区别,指出“学生为中心”是最终目的和形态,而“‘以’学生为中心”则仅是过渡阶段。据此,需要重新审视并定义教育,呼唤回归教育本体价值;重构学生中心的教育治理体系;教育过程从“教师中心”向“学生为中心”转换;构建学生主体的教育评价新生态;利用现代信息技术助力学生成为自我教育者。学生只有处于教育系统的核心和中心,才能真正实现教育变革,培养造就出全面发展的时代新人。

"Student-centered"is translated as"Pseudo Student-Centeredness"in Chinese academia,and is increasingly regarded as the leading concept of university education and teaching reform.In reality,the student-centered concept is difficult to be implemented,because the subject of driving"Pseudo Student-Centeredness"is not the students themselves,but the teachers or educational administrators who are external to the students.Therefore,under the concept of"Pseudo Student-Centeredness",students are still narrowed and dwarfed.The ontological position of"Student-Centered"is clarified in the context of its origin and development in the West,its emergence and dissemination in China,and the difference between"Pseudo Student-Centeredness"and"student-centered"ontological positions is summarized.It is believed that"student-centered"is the final form,while"Pseudo Student-Centeredness"is only a transitional stage.Accordingly,we re-examine current education,calling for a return to the ontology of education and a redefinition of education;reconstructing a student-centered educational governance system;transforming the educational process from"teacher-centered"to"student-centered";building a new ecology of student-centered educational evaluation;and using modern Information technology can help students become self-educators.Only when students are at the core and center of the education system can education be truly transformed and a new generation of all-round development be nurtured and created.