高海拔区特征环境驱动下混凝土坝服役性能研究进展

Performance of concrete dams impacted by characteristic climate in high-altitude area:A review

以青藏高原为代表的高海拔地区汇聚着中国一半以上的待开发水能资源,在国家推动实现碳达峰与碳中和目标的重大战略背景下,相关地区水利水电工程的劣化状态、运行性态、灾变模态日益受到关注。在系统梳理高海拔地区典型环境基础上,从研究方法、影响规律、主控致因、防控措施等方面介绍了低大气压力、强太阳辐射、低温、低湿度、大温度日较差等高海拔地区自然环境特征对混凝土坝服役性能影响的主要研究进展。针对现有研究在高海拔区混凝土坝工程健康诊断与灾变风险防控方面的不足,从复合特征环境工况下的大坝性态馈控、混凝土多尺度劣化规律、材料与结构长期性能演化、工程组合系统行为分析等视角给出了进一步探讨的命题。

More than half of undeveloped hydropower resource in China is in high-altitude area.With the implementation of national strategy to carbon dioxide emission and carbon neutrality,growing interest is paid to the degradation,operation,and failure of hydraulic and hydropower engineering in the area.On the basis of systematically clarifying the typical climate of high-altitude area,the impacts of the environmental characteristics in high-altitude area,such as low atmosphere pressure,intense solar radiation,low temperature,and low humidity,on performance of concrete dams are reviewed and analyzed from the aspects of research method,influence law,major cause,and prevention measure.Considering the limitation of existing research on the field of structural health diagnosis and risk control for concrete dams in high-altitude area,points to be further studied under the combined impacts of environmental characteristics,are proposed from the perspectives that the response and control of dam behavior,the multi-scale degradation of concrete,long-term performance evolution of materials and structures,and behavior analysis of dam engineering system.