密度和肥料运筹对青稞秸秆产量及品质的影响

Effect of Density and Fertilizer Management on Yield and Quality of Highland Barley Straw

为探究二棱青稞在藏区的应用潜力及关键栽培技术,以二棱型青稞品系14-3492为材料,以六棱品种藏青3000为对照,设置不同种植密度、肥料运筹处理,研究了种植密度和肥料运筹对青稞秸秆产量及品质的影响。结果表明,秸秆产量和蛋白质含量在不同材料间差异显著;六棱品种藏青3000秸秆产量和蛋白质含量受密度影响较大,二棱品系14-3492的秸秆产量和蛋白质含量受肥料运筹影响较大。施用拔节肥青稞秸秆蛋白质含量最高,穗肥次之;相同施肥量,施用拔节肥+穗肥处理的秸秆产量显著高于单次施肥处理。从协同秸秆产量与蛋白质含量角度,低密度时,基肥+拔节肥的施肥模式可以同时提高分蘖成穗数及穗粒数;高密度时,基肥+拔节肥+穗肥的施肥模式可以保证青稞的稳健生长;二棱青稞品系14-3492的秸秆产量和品质总体优于六棱品种藏青3000。

In order to explore the potential application of two-rowed highland barley in Tibet and its key cultivation techniques,a two-rowed highland barley line 14-3492 was used as material,with a six-rowed highland barley variety Zangqing 3000 used as control.The effects of planting density and fertilizer management on the yield and quality of highland barley straw were studied by cross design treatment.The results showed that there were significant differences in straw yield and protein content among the different materials.The straw yield and protein content of the six-rowed variety Zangqing 3000 were greatly affected by density,while those of the two-rowed line were greatly affected by fertilizer application.The application of jointing fertilizer caused the highest protein content in highland barley straw,and the effect of panicle fertilizer was the second.Under the same amount of fertilizer,the straw yield was significantly higher when jointing fertilizer and panicle fertilizer were applied together.From the perspective of synergetic straw yield and protein content,at low density,the fertilization mode of base fertilizer+jointing fertilizer can simultaneously increase the number of tillers and grains per spike.At high density,the fertilization mode of base fertilizer+jointing fertilizer+ear fertilizer can ensure the stable growth of highland barley.The straw yield and quality of the two-rowed highland barley line 14-3492 are generally better than that of the six-rowed Zangqing 3000.