2021年W市小油坊土榨花生油质量调查及黄曲霉毒素B_(1)暴露风险评估

Quality Investigation and Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin B_(1) Exposure of Peanut Oil Extracted in Small Oil Mills of City W in 2021

分析2021年度W市小油坊土榨花生油质量安全状况和评估调查中发现的主要污染物的暴露风险。在W市7个县(区)及农村地区随机抽取小油坊土榨花生油495份样品,对其酸价、过氧化值、黄曲霉毒素B_(1)和苯并(a)芘等项目进行检测分析,同时计算主要污染物黄曲霉毒素B_(1)的暴露量并评估其暴露风险。研究结果表明:样品总体合格率为94.9%,酸价和苯并(a)芘项目全部合格,黄曲霉毒素B_(1)和过氧化值项目合格率分别为95.4%、99.6%,其中黄曲霉毒素B_(1)超标问题仍然比较突出;参考加拿大卫生部判定依据,该花生油平均暴露限量值(P50)、95%暴露限量值(P95)和最大暴露限量值均属于中、高等风险管理水平。总之,W市2021年土榨花生油总体质量水平较好,但黄曲霉毒素B_(1)超标现象仍是土榨花生油主要的质量安全问题,建议监管部门采取相应风险防范措施并加强安全监督检查。

The present study is to investigate the quality and assess the risk of main pollutants exposure of peanut oil extracted in small oil mills of City W in 2021.495 peanut oil samples are randomly selected from seven counties(districts) in urban and rural areas of City W.Items including acid value,peroxide value,aflatoxin B_(1) and benzo(A) pyrene are then detected and analyzed,at the same time,the exposure of aflatoxin B_(1) is calculated and the risk of its exposure is assessed.The result shows that the overall qualified rate of 495 samples is 94.9%,the acid-value and benzo(A) pyrene items are all qualified,the qualified rates of aflatoxin B1 and peroxide value items are 95.4% and 99.6% respectively,the excess of aflatoxin B_(1 )is still the main problem.According to the judgment basis of Health Canada,the average exposure limit value(P50),95% exposure limit value(P95) and maximum exposure limit value belong to the medium-and-high-risk management level.In general,the overall quality level of extracted peanut oil in City W in 2021 is good,but the excess of aflatoxin B_(1 )is still the main quality and safety problem.Relevant regulatory departments need to pay attention to take corresponding risk prevention measures and strengthen safety supervision and inspection.