2004—2021年黄平县流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Mumps in Huangping County from 2004 to 2021

目的:分析2004—2021年黄平县流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法:采用描述性流行病学方法,对黄平县2004—2021年报告的流行性腮腺炎病例资料进行分析。结果:2004—2021年黄平县流行性腮腺炎年均发病率为14.84/10万,其中2005年和2013年为高发年份,报告发病率分别为40.22/10万和97.92/10万;高流行年发病数呈明显的双峰型分布,第1个高峰在4—7月,第2个高峰在10月—次年1月。流行性腮腺炎的发病年龄以5~14岁为主,占78.35%;职业以学生为主,占61.22%。结论:2004—2021年黄平县报告的流行性腮腺炎病例以6~12岁的学龄儿童为主,今后流行性腮腺炎防控的重点是托幼机构和小学等集体单位的儿童,加强流行性腮腺炎疫情监测,提高含腮腺炎成分疫苗的接种率,降低疾病对儿童和青少年的危害。

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Huangping County from 2004 to 2021,and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies in the future.Methods:Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the mumps cases reported in Huangping County in recent 18 years.Results:From 2004 to 2021,the average annual incidence of mumps in Huangping County was 14.84 per 100000,and the reported incidence in 2005 and 2013 was 40.22 per 100000 and 97.92 per 100000,respectively.The number of cases in high epidemic years showed a bimodal pattern,with the first peak from April to July and the second peak from October to January.The age of mumps onset was 5-14 years old,accounting for 78.35%of the total;The majority of occupations were students,accounting for 61.22%of the total.Conclusion:The majority of mumps cases reported in Huangping County from 2004 to 2021 were school-age children aged 6-12 years,In the future,the focus of prevention and control of mumps should be on children in kindergartens,primary schools and other collective units.It is necessary to strengthen the epidemic surveillance of mumps,increase the vaccination of mumps vaccines,and reduce the harm to children and adolescents.