双向FDI与全球价值链重构--基于发达国家与发展中国家的比较

Two-way FDI and GVC Reconstruction:Based on Comparisons between Developed and Developing Countries

全球价值链(GVC)是经济全球化背景下产业分工演化的必然结果,双向直接投资(FDI)对GVC的形成和重组发挥了重要的作用。本文首先从GVC增加值、GVC参与度、GVC生产长度和GVC位置4个维度来描述GVC重构。之后基于国别层面数据检验了双向直接投资对GVC重构的影响,主要发现为:对外直接投资(OFDI)对母国GVC参与度的提高和GVC链条的延长均起到了显著促进作用;但外商直接投资(IFDI)并未对东道国GVC链条的延伸起到显著的促进作用。最后针对国别异质性的检验发现:OFDI显著提升了发达国家的GVC位置,但对发展中国家GVC的影响并不显著;相反,IFDI对发展中国家GVC参与度的提高和GVC链条的延伸起到了显著促进作用。本文研究结果对发展中国家在GVC重构中实现产业链升级具有一定的启示。

In the context of economic globalization,the global value chain(GVC)is an inevitable outcome of the global industrial division of labor,and two-way direct investment(FDI)is crucial in the development and restructuring of the GVC.Firstly,four categories of indicators were used to describe the GVC reconstruction,which include the GVC value addition,participation,production length and position.Then,the empirical method was used to test the theoretical framework based on international samples.The results show that OFDI can promote the participation and the length of the home country’s GVC.IFDI can only contribute to upgrading the participation of host countries in GVCs.Finally,the results of country heterogeneity show that OFDI can promote the GVC position in developed countries,but has no obvious impact in developing countries.IFDI can promote the upgrading of GVC participation and chain in developing countries.It can provide reference and support for the GVC reconstruction and upgrading in developing countries.