创业氛围对新生代农民工返乡创业认同度的影响研究——以福建省为例

Study on the impact of entrepreneurial atmosphere on the identity of new generation migrant workers returning to their hometown to start their own business--Take Fujian Province as an example

新生代农民工作为城乡双向流动的重要人力资源,统筹协调好新生代农民工返乡问题对新发展阶段下乡村振兴的实现具有重要意义。该研究基于福建省漳州、三明与南平3市共391份新生代农民工的问卷调查,依据三元交互论、禀赋效应等理论,围绕创业氛围、返乡创业自我效能感与返乡创业认同度提出中介模型假设。研究结果表明:创业氛围与自我效能感对创业认同度均具有显著的正向关系;自我效能感在创业氛围与创业认可度间具有部分中介作用;基于籍贯分布的差异,创业氛围、自我效能感与创业认同度3者间的影响程度存在异质性。因此,提出营造良好的创业帮扶氛围、重视农村社会观念改善、强化自我效能感培训、分地区精准制定政策引导的相关建议启示。

As an important human resource in the dual flow of urban and rural areas,the new generation of migrant workers plays a crucial role in the realization of rural revitalization in the new development stage.This study is based on a questionnaire survey of 391 new generation migrant workers in Zhangzhou,Sanming,and Nanping in Fujian Province.Drawing on theories such as the triadic reciprocity model and the endowment effect,this study proposes a mediated model hypothesis focusing on entrepreneurial atmosphere,self-efficacy in returning home forentrepreneurship,and entrepreneurial identity.The results show that there is a significant positive relationship between entrepreneurial atmosphere and entrepreneurial identity,as well as between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial identity.Self-efficacy partially mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial atmosphere and entrepreneurialidentity.Additionally,there is heterogeneity in the influences of entrepreneurial atmosphere,self-efficacy,and entrepreneurial identity based on the distribution of native places.Therefore,it is suggested to create a favorable entrepreneurial assistance atmosphere,pay attention to improving rural social concepts,strengthen self-efficacy training,and formulate policy guidance tailored to specific regions.