铟的自然分布、生产及应用研究进展

Research Progress in the Natural Distribution,Production,and Application of Indium

随着光谱分析的发展,铟元素被人类从锌矿石提取中偶然发现,最初铟只是作为奇珍异宝,出现在科学家的展示柜中。铟在全球的自然分布情况及自身性质使其成为新兴产业的重要原材料。随着信息技术和能源产业的快速发展,铟被西方国家列为关键金属。全球铟依据原材料的来源分为原生铟和再生铟,再生铟的比例逐年上升。含铟产品主要以氧化铟锡(ITO)、半导体铟化合物及铜铟镓硒(CIGS)薄膜太阳能电池等形式应用于市场,它广泛应用于太阳能电池、光电、航空航天等高科技领域。

With the development of spectral analysis,indium was accidentally discovered by humans from zinc ore extraction,initially,indium appeared as a rare treasure in scientists'display cabinets.The natural distribution and properties of indium worldwide make it an important raw material for emerging industries.With the rapid development of information technology and energy industry,indium has been listed as a key metal by western countries.Global indium is divided into primary indium and recycled indium based on the source of raw materials,and the proportion of recycled indium is increasing year by year.Indium containing products are mainly used in the market in the form of indium tin oxide(ITO),semiconductor indium compounds,and copper-indium-gallium-selenium(CIGS)thin film solar cells,which are widely used in high-tech fields such as solar cells,optoelectronics,aerospace,etc.