关系与经济行动:两种路径及其比较

Social Relation and Economic Action:Divergence and Comparison

本文辨析了格兰诺维特和泽利泽开创的两种经济社会学理论路径,指出二者在社会关系与经济行动问题上代表着两种取向:嵌入与互构。格兰诺维特一派强调社会关系网络对经济行动的影响;泽利泽一派主张经济行动是在文化背景约束下,在社会关系中协调开展,社会关系也在行动中维持或变动。关系网络嵌入性将社会关系带回经济行动研究中,却未能彻底冲击经济学的逻辑的核心。关系运作不仅将被置于边缘地位的文化纳入分析,更强调经济行动本质为社会互动,隔绝了在社会关系之外分析经济行动的可能性。通过对比,本文认为关系运作实现了对关系网络嵌入性的超越。在此基础上,本文借助中国社会传统义利观,为中国经济社会学的未来议程提出了可行的建议。

Granovetter and Zelizer create two theoretical approaches that repre⁃sent two orientations on the issues of social relations and economic actions:em⁃bedding and constitutive.The Granovetter school emphasizes the influence of the social network on economic action;the Zelizer school asserts that economic action is coordinated within culturally constrained social relations,which are al⁃so constantly being maintained or changed.Granovetter’s embeddedness brings social relations back to the study of economic action but fails to strike at the core of the logic of economics thoroughly.Zelizer’s relational work not only in⁃cludes the marginalized culture in the analysis but also emphasizes the essence of economic action as social interaction,avoiding the possibility of analyzing eco⁃nomic action outside social relations.By comparison,this paper proves that rela⁃tional work has achieved the transcendence of embeddedness.On this basis,it puts forward viable suggestions for the future agenda of Chinese economic sociol⁃ogy,drawing on the traditional concept of righteousness and profit.