高等教育扩招对大学毕业生工作满意度的影响

The Impact of the Expansion of Higher Education on College Graudates'Satisfaction?

本研究基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2018年的调查数据,采用队列DID的方法考察了1999年开始实施的高校扩招政策对大学毕业生工作满意度的影响。研究发现:第一,大规模的高等教育扩招显著降低了大学毕业生的工作满意度,且这一影响随着扩招的持续推行存在世代差异。第二,高等教育扩招对大学毕业生工作满意度的影响在不同特征群体中存在差异,扩招对于农村地区大学毕业生工作满意度的影响大于其对城镇地区大学毕业生工作满意度的影响。第三,在期望理论框架下,高等教育扩招降低了高等教育溢价,拉大了工作预期与实际获得的落差,这是降低大学毕业生工作满意度的重要路径。在当前高等教育扩招仍持续推行的背景下,本文反思了高等教育扩招对就业质量的影响,由此提出适时调整高等教育结构、缩小城乡教育质量差距和引导大学毕业生保持合理就业期望等政策建议。

Based on the data of Chinese Family Tracking Survey(CFPS2018),this study investigated the impact of college enrollment expansion policy implemented since 1999 on college graudates'job satisfaction by adopting cohort DID method.The results show that:First,the large-scale expansion of higher education significantly reduces the job satisfaction of college graudates,and the impact of the continuous implementation of the expansion has generational differences.Second,the impact of college enrollment expansion on college graudates'job satisfaction varies among different characteristic groups.The impact of college enrollment expansion on college graudates'job satisfaction in rural areas is greater than that in urban areas.Thirdly,in the framework of expectation theory,the expansion of higher education reduces the premium of higher education and widens the gap between job expectation and actual acquisition,which is an important path to reduce college graudates'job satisfaction.In the context of the continuous implementation of higher education enrollment expansion,this paper reflects on the impact of higher education enrollment expansion on employment quality.The research conclusion provides a theoretical basis for the more effective implementation of subsequent enrollment expansion policies.Some policy suggestions are put forward,such as adjusting the structure of higher education timely,narrowing the gap between urban and rural education quality and guiding college graudates to maintain reasonable employment expectations.