贵州党参资源现状与研究进展

Resource situation and research progress of Codonopsis pilosula in Guizhou province

文章通过调查贵州党参的资源现状与总结其研究进展,以期为贵州党参更进一步深入研究以及为后期的开发利用提供参考。通过文献整理和野外调查等多种方式相结合对贵州党参资源现状进行总结,并对贵州党参的化学成分、药理作用及质量控制方法进行系统分析。贵州党参资源丰富、物种众多、分布广泛,主要有9种5变种;栽培党参主要集中于毕节威宁和遵义道真,主要地方品种为威党参和洛党参;野生资源较为分散,全省大部分市县均有分布;其主要含有多糖类、炔类、萜类、挥发油等多种成分,其中多糖类化合物是其主要活性成分,具有增强免疫、抗氧化、抗疲劳等药理活性;现代研究中大多以党参的多糖、炔类等化学成分含量及指纹图谱评价其质量,但未形成质量标准体系。本研究发现贵州党参资源丰富,基础研究薄弱,亟待进一步深入研究。

This article investigated the resource situation of Codonopsis pilosula in Guizhou province and summarize its research progress,in order to provide a reference for further in-depth research of Guizhou Codonopsis pilosula and for later development and utilization.The resource situation of Codonopsis pilosula in Guizhou province was investigated by a combination of literature sorting and field investigation,and the chemical components,pharmacological activities and quality control methods of Codonopsis pilosula were systematically analyzed.Guizhou Codonopsis pilosula was rich in resources,numerous species and wide distribution,with 9 species and 5 varieties.The cultivation of Codonopsis pilosula was mainly concentrated in Weining County,Bijie City and Daozhen County,Zunyi City,and the main local varieties were Luolong Codonopsis pilosula and Weining Codonopsis pilosula.Wild resources were scattered,which were distributed in most cities and counties.It’s main chemical components were polysaccharides,acetylenes,terpenes,volatile oils and other components,of which polysaccharides were the main active components,which had pharmacological effects such as enhancing immunity,anti-oxidation,and anti-fatigue activity.In modern research.The quality of Codonopsis pilosula was evaluated by the content of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide,alkyne and other chemical components and fingerprint,but no quality standard system had been established.Codonopsis pilosula in Guizhou province is rich in resources,but the basic research is weak,which needs to be further deepened.