气吸式蜂王浆取浆机的设计与试验

Design and Experiment of An Air-Suction Type Royal Jelly Collector

【目的】实现蜂王浆机械化取浆生产是解决人工取浆效率低下、提升蜂农产出效益的必由之路。【方法】本研究介绍基于槽轮-齿轮-凸轮机构的浆产浆条送进和取浆装置的传动原理,并在机构的运动和仿真分析基础上设计产浆条拨轮和吸浆头等关键机构,针对人工移除幼虫和保留幼虫的两组产浆条进行取浆试验。【结果】取浆机能以每根产浆条8 s的速度及91.84%的取浆率实现快速、高效取浆。人工移除幼虫与否不影响取浆率,但保留幼虫取浆中幼虫完好分离率仅为54.4%。【结论】基于槽轮-齿轮-凸轮机构的产浆条自动送进和吸浆头升降运动顺畅、平稳,最终实现气吸式取浆机快速、高效取浆。为了保障蜂王浆取浆品质,仍需进一步降低幼虫破碎率或人工移除幼虫后取浆。

[Objective]The mechanization of royal jelly collection is the must to solve the low efficiency of man-collecting and improve the output efficiency of bee farmers[.Method]The transmission principle of queen cell feeding and royal jelly straw based on groove wheel-gear-cam mechanism is introduced.Based on the kinematic analysis and simulation of the mechanism,the key mechanisms such as the feeding wheel and royal jelly straw are designed.The royal jelly collection test is conducted two groups of jelly strips for manual removal of larvae and retention of larvae.[Results]The royal jelly collecting rate of 91.84%with a efficiently of 8 s per strip was achieved by the jelly extractor.Test results showed that whether the larvae were removed manually did not affect the royal jelly collecting rate,but the intact separation rate of the larvae in the collecting of the retained larvae group was only 54.4%[.Conclusion]Based on the groove-gear-cam mechanism,the automatic feeding of the queen cell and the lifting movement of the royal jelly straw are smooth and stable,which can ensure the machine to collect royal jelly quickly and efficiently.However,in order to guarantee the quality of royal jelly,the larva breakage rate should be further reduced or collecting royal jelly after the larva was removed manually.