近20 a衡邵娄干旱走廊土地利用/覆被与生态环境状况变化研究

Changes of Land Use and Cover and Ecological Environment in the Arid Corridor of Hengyang-Shaoyang-Loudi from 2000 to 2020

土地利用/覆被变化与区域生态环境关系密切,在一定程度上反映了生态环境变化,影响区域生态环境质量优劣。为探究土地利用/覆被变化与生态环境状况变化的成因与驱动因素,采用空间分析技术和生态环境状况评价方法,对比分析了衡邵娄干旱走廊2000—2020年土地利用/覆被变化,评估区域生态环境质量变化情况并探讨其变化原因。结果表明,衡邵娄干旱走廊区域土地利用/覆被类型主要以林地和耕地为主,面积占区域总面积的94.22%,但近20 a来林地与耕地面积呈现显著减少的趋势,主要原因是区域经济的增长导致城镇化加速,造成了建设用地的面积激增,占用了大量耕地和林地。同时,干旱缺水在一定程度上促使区域耕地面积转化为其他土地利用类型。多种因素作用下,区域生态环境状况等级从“优”降为了“良”。

Land use/cover change(LUCC)is closely related to regional ecological environment,and,to some extent,reflects the eco-environment changes and affects regional eco-environmental quality.To investigate the causes and drivers of LUCC and eco-environmental changes,and to assess regional eco-environmental quality,we employed spatial analysis techniques and eco-environmental evaluation methods to compare the LUCC in the arid corridor of Hengyang-Shaoyang-Loudi between 2000 and 2020.Results indicate that forest land and cultivated land constitute the primary land use types in the Arid Corridor,accounting for 94.22%of the total area.However,over the past two decades,both forest land and cultivated land have experienced a significant decline largely due to accelerated urbanization resulting from regional economic growth,leading to a surge in construction land and encroachment upon cultivated land and forest land.Meanwhile,drought and water scarcity have contributed to the conversion of arable land to other land use types.Consequently,the region's ecological condition has downgraded from being"excellent"to"good".