衡阳地区稻飞虱发生特点与预警监测现状初探

A Preliminary Study on the Occurrence Characteristics and Early Warning Monitoring Status of Rice Planthopper in Hengyang

【目的】研究1986—2022年37年间衡阳地区稻飞虱的发生特点与预警监测现状。【方法】以衡阳地区稻飞虱的研究文献,衡阳市衡南县1986—2022年稻飞虱田间数据,衡阳市各县(市)病虫情报,衡阳市农业技术服务中心植保植检科历年水稻病虫测报总结,衡南县、常宁市虫情测报灯下数据为基础,进行整理、统计、分析。【结果】近37年来衡阳地区稻飞虱田间种群及全年占比、发生代次未见明显变化;受栽培、气候等因素的影响,近10年稻飞虱主害期发生了显著变化;在稻飞虱预警监测中存在手段有待增加、预警信息发布过频、忽视植保无人机施药丘块稻飞虱的预警监测等问题。【结论】针对当前稻飞虱发生特点与预警监测现状,提出了强化预警监测、改变防控策略、加强药剂筛选与储备、加强植保无人机施药技术的研究与推广等防控对策。

[Objective]This study is conducted to conclude the occurrence characteristics and the status of early warning and monitoring of rice planthoppers in Hengyang during 1986-2022.[Method]Based on the research literature of rice planthoppers in Hengyang,the field data of rice planthoppers in Hengnan County from 1986 to 2022,and the pest and disease information of every county(city)in Hengyang,China,the forecast of rice diseases and insect pests in the past years was summarized by Hengyang Agricultural Technology Service Center.Then,based on the forecast data of rice diseases and insect pests in Hengnan County and Changning,Hunan,the data were sorted,counted and analyzed.[Result]Results showed that the proportion and generation of rice planthoppers in the field had not changed significantly in the past 37 years in Hengyang;but in the last 10 years,the main infestation period of rice planthopper changed significantly.There were some problems in the early-warning monitoring of rice planthoppers,such as the means to be increased,the early-warning information to be released too frequently,and the neglection of the early-warning monitoring of rice planthoppers in crop protection UAV.[Conclusion]According to the current situation of the occurrence and early warning of rice planthopper,some countermeasures were put forward,such as strengthening early warning monitoring,changing control strategy,strengthening pesticide screening and storage,and strengthening the research and popularization of UAV pesticide application technology.