翻译多元因果论视阈下焦菊隐双重重译研究——以《女店主》一剧的转译与自我重译为例

Multiple Causation Underlying Jiao Juyin's Dual-Retranslation:With Particular Reference to the Indirect-Translation and Self-Retranslation of La Locandiera

“双重重译”指译者首先通过中介译本“转译”某原著,后来又对自己的这一译本进行“自我重译”。双重重译现象是焦菊隐30余年戏剧翻译生涯中的重要特色,而目前尚未得到学界关注。因此,本文选取该现象为研究对象,以焦菊隐《女店主》1927年初译本与1957年重译本为典例,在翻译多元因果论视阈下,结合戏剧学理论,着重探析前后两译本的差异及缘由。研究发现,第一,质料因与动力因共同推动了《女店主》重译本在戏剧学层面产生变化,更有效地再现了原剧的结构要素、形式特征与主题思想;第二,目的因、形式因与动力因共同促使重译本在翻译学层面发生转变,从“改译”回归了“直译”。此外,本文借助双重重译现象,进一步探索了翻译多元因果论“四因”之间在并列关系之外存在的前提、互动与主次关系。

“Dual-retranslation”refers to the fact that a translation is first translated indirectly from an intermediary translation by a translator and then retranslated by the translator himself.Jiao Juyin's thirty years of theatre translation is marked by dual-retranslation,a phenomenon that has been neglected so far.Drawing on Pym's theory of multiple causation and relevant theatrical theories,this paper investigates Jiao Juyin's indirect translation of La Locandiera in 1927 and retranslation in 1957,to reveal various causes underlying their differences.The paper argues that the material cause and efficient cause jointly promote the changes of Jiao's dual-retranslation of La Locandiera in the dramaturgical aspect,which helps represent the structural elements,exhibit the formal characteristics and highlight the thematic significance of the original play more fully and effectively.At the same time,the final cause,formal cause and efficient cause cooperatively contribute to the change of the translation method from“translation with modification”to“literal translation”.In addition,based on the examination of Jiao Juyin's dual-retranslation,this paper further reveals the preliminary,interactive and primary-secondary relationship among the four relevant causes over and above their coordinate relation.