“道”“事”并举:《淮南子》文化理想建构

Integrated Development of“Tao”and“Objects”:Construction of Cultural Ideal in Huainan Zi

《淮南子》持守“道”“事”并举的文化理想,明确提出以“道”为本、以“事”为变的价值原则,力图来解决终极玄思之“道”与现实规制之“事”间的对立分野。由此构筑完整的生命意义,实现“与化游息”与“与世浮沉”相统一的人生境界。这种文化理想的建构既是先秦以来道论的逻辑演进,也是社会历史发展的规律呈现。“道”“事”并举,不仅是一种新的文化理想形态,更体现出《淮南子》对于大汉王朝一种文化共同体的建构需要。《淮南子》所承担的对大汉王朝民族共同体的文化想象和认同,是一项“统天下,理万物,应变化,通殊类”(《要略训》)的宏伟思想创造。

Huainan Zi adheres to the cultural ideal of integrating“Tao”and“Objects”,and clearly puts forward the value principle of“Tao”as the constant and“Objects”as the variable,trying to solve the opposition between the ultimate metaphysical“Tao”and the realistic regulation of“Objects”.Therefore,a complete meaning of life is constructed,and a realm of life uniting“floating in harmony”and“floating with the world”is realized.This construction of cultural ideal is not only the logical evolution of Tao theory since the pre-Qin period,but also the manifestation of the law of social and historical development.The integrated development of“Tao”and“Objects”is not only a new form of cultural ideal,but also reflects Huainan Zi’s answer about the need to construct a cultural community in the Han Dynasty.The cultural imagination and identification of the Han ethnic community demonstrated in Huainan Zi is a magnificent ideological creation,which aims to“unite the world,regulate the universe,adapt to change,and unify different categories”.