金沙江下游梯级水库群协同防洪调度策略研究

Operation strategy of collaborative flood control of cascade reservoirs in lower reaches of Jinsha River

2021年起,金沙江下游乌东德、白鹤滩水电站相继建成投产,在提升了长江流域防洪能力和洪水资源化利用水平的同时,也对新形势下梯级水库群调度决策带来了新的挑战。对金沙江下游梯级水库群协同防洪时的调度策略展开研究,统筹防洪安全和发电效益,提出了不同来水条件下梯级水库群协同防洪调度的具体策略。结果表明:在面向川渝河段进行防洪调度时,若金沙江下游来水较小,可依据中长期预报来水情况,优先启用乌东德或溪洛渡水库拦蓄洪水;若金沙江下游来水较大,则建议乌东德、白鹤滩、溪洛渡水库按照三库剩余防洪库容比例进行同步拦蓄,使各库泄流能力尽量均衡。此外,为确保金沙江下游梯级水库群打捆运用的灵活性和可靠性,向家坝水库应预留约5亿m^(3)库容用于拦蓄乌东德、白鹤滩、溪洛渡水库三库拦蓄后的多余洪量及溪洛渡-向家坝区间洪量。研究成果可以在确保防洪安全的前提下提升水库群汛期发电效益,为提升梯级水库群调度决策科学水平提供关键技术支撑。

The Wudongde and Baihetan reservoirs in the lower reaches of Jinsha River have been successively built and put into operation.They have improved the flood control capacity and flood resource utilization level of the Changjiang River Basin,while it also brings new challenges to the operation decision-making of the cascade reservoirs.To coordinate flood control safety and power generation benefits,we research the operation strategy for collaborative flood control of cascade reservoirs,coordinate flood control safety and power generation benefits,and propose a specific operation strategy for collaborative flood control of cascade reservoirs under different inflow conditions.The results showed that when conducting flood control operations for the Sichuan and Chongqing River section,if the inflow of the lower reaches of Jinsha River is small,priority can be given to using the Wudongde or Xiluodu reservoirs for flood control based on medium and long-term forecast inflow conditions.If there is a large inflow of the lower reaches of Jinsha River,it is recommended that the Wudongde,Baihetan,and Xiluodu reservoirs conduct synchronous flood control operation according to the remaining flood control capacity ratio of the three reservoirs,so that the discharge capacity of each reservoir is as balanced as possible.In addition,to ensure the flexibility and reliability of the bundling operation of the cascade reservoirs in the lower reaches of Jinsha River,Xiangjiaba reservoir should reserve a storage capacity of about 500 million cubic meters to retain the excess flood volume after the storage of the Wudongde,Baihetan,and Xiluodu reservoirs and the flood volume in the interval between Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba reservoirs.The research results can improve the power generation efficiency of cascade reservoirs during flood season while ensuring flood control safety,providing key technical support for improving the scientific level of operation decision-making for cascade reservoirs.