非磺化绿色抗温水基降滤失剂研究进展

Research Progress of Non-sulfonated Filtrate Reducers with Temperature Resistance and Environmental Friendly for Water-based Drilling Fluid

随着我国油气勘探开发逐渐向海洋及更深部地层不断扩展,以及磺化类材料被提议列入我国“危险废弃物名录”,开发水基钻井液用非磺化抗高温降滤失剂已成为当前的紧迫任务。通过梳理国内外水基抗高温绿色非磺化降滤失剂的相关研究,概述了高温水基钻井液非磺化降滤失剂的研究进展。将非磺化降滤失剂主要分为3类:改性天然高分子类、人工合成高分子类和有机/无机复合纳米类。涵盖改性淀粉、改性腐殖酸、改性低聚糖、合成聚合物、改性树脂、石墨烯、其他纳米类材料等类型。重点综述了非磺化原材料的选择、制备方法、产品性能及作用机理。通过分析各类抗高温非磺化类降滤失剂的优缺点和适应性,预测了未来的发展趋势。改性天然高分子类在夯实醚化、酯化、交联、接枝等方法的基础上,将朝着复合改性方向发展,以平衡其无毒可降解性能和抗温性能;人工合成高分子类和有机/无机复合纳米类具有明显的抗温优势,重点在于成本与性能间的平衡,非磺化单体的选择及生产工艺的简化是关键。

With the gradual expansion of oil and gas exploration and development to the ocean and deeper strata,and the proposal that sulfonated materials be included in the"List of Hazardous Wastes"in China,it has become an urgent task to develop non-sulfonated filtrate reducers with high-temperature resistance for water-based drilling fluid.The research progress of water-based non-sulfonated filtrate reducers for high temperature drilling fluid was summarized by combing the relevant research at home and abroad.Non-sulfonated filtrate reducers were mainly divided into three categories,such as modified natural polymer,synthetic polymer and organic/inorganic composite nano-particle.It covered modified starch,modified humic acid,modified oligosaccharide,synthetic polymer,modified resin,graphene,other nano-material types and so on.The selection of non-sulfonated raw materials,preparation methods,product properties and action mechanism were emphatically reviewed.By comprehensively analyzing the advantages,disadvantages,and adaptability of various non-sulfonated filtrate reducers with high-temperature resistance,future developmental trends were proposed.Building upon a foundation of mastering etherification,esterification,crosslinking,and grafting modifications,the evolution of modified natural polymer filtrate reducers was inevitably heading towards composite modification.This trajectory sought to strike a harmonious balance between their non-toxic,degradable attribute,and temperature resistance capability.Synthetic polymers and organic/inorganic composite nano filtrate reducers exhibited conspicuous advantages in terms of temperature resistance.The pivotal consideration lied in achieving equilibrium between cost and performance.Essential focal point included the selection of non-sulfonated monomers and streamlining the production process.