2017—2021年连云港市学校传染病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in schools in Lianyungang City from 2017 to 2021

目的分析2017—2021年连云港市学校传染病流行病学特征,为科学制订学校传染病防治策略和措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2017—2021年连云港市学校传染病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果2017—2021年连云港市学校传染病共报告25种,累计报告25826例,发病例数居前5位的是水痘11607例(44.94%)、手足口病5979例(23.15%)、流行性感冒3525例(13.65%)、流行性腮腺炎2823例(10.93%)、猩红热802例(3.11%)。年均发病率为562.09/10万。发病呈现季节性双峰,11月—次年1月为主高峰、5—6月次高峰;男女生发病率比为1.27:1,学校类型发病率从高到低依次为托幼机构(972.66/10万)、小学(503.17/10万),初中(327.84/10万)、高中(119.79/10万)。累计报告学校暴发疫情102起,以水痘、流行性感冒为主,分别为49起(48.04%)、26起(25.49%);主要集中在小学68起(66.67%)和中学21起(20.59%);12月31起(30.39%)和11月21起(20.59%)。结论连云港市学校传染病发病水平高于周边地区,需加强同教育部门合作,以托幼机构、小学人群为重点,落实水痘、流行性感冒、手足口病等传染病防控工作,控制学校传染病流行和暴发。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in schools in Lianyungang City from 2017 to 2021,so as to provide a basis for scientifically formulating strategies and measures for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools.Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological data of infectious diseases in schools in Lianyungang City from 2017 to 2021.Results From 2017 to 2021,25 infectious diseases were reported in schools in Lianyungang City,with a cumulative total of 25826 cases,including chickenpox 11607 cases(44.94%),hand,foot and mouth disease 5979 cases(23.15%),influenza 3525 cases(13.65%),mumps 2823 cases(10.93%),and scarlet fever 802 cases(3.11%)as the top 5 infection diseases with the number of cases.The average annual incidence rate was 562.09/105.The incidence showed seasonal double peaks,with the main peak from November to January of the following year and the second peak from May to June.The male-to-female incidence ratio was 1.27∶1.The incidence rate of school types was from high to low as kindergarten(972.66/105),primary school(503.17/105),junior high school(327.84/105),and high school(119.79/105).A total of 102 school outbreaks were reported,mainly varicella and influenza,with 49 cases(48.04%)and 26 cases(25.49%)respectively;68(66.67%)cases were mainly concentrated in primary schools,and 21 cases(20.59%)in secondary schools;there were 31 cases in December(30.39%)and 21 cases in November(20.59%).Conclusions The incidence level of infectious diseases in schools in Lianyungang City is higher than that in surrounding areas,and it is necessary to strengthen cooperation with education departments,focus on childcare institutions and primary school populations,implement the prevention and control of varicella,influenza,hand,foot and mouth disease,and other infectious diseases,and control the epidemic and outbreak of infectious diseases in schools.