消极偏向还是积极匮乏?高社交焦虑者对模糊社交情境的解释偏向

Negative Biases orPositivity Lacks?Interpretation Bias of Ambiguous Social Scenarios in High Social Anxiety

目的:探讨高社交焦虑者对模糊社交情境的解释偏向。方法:52名高社交焦虑、36名低社交焦虑被试完成了词句关联范式(WSAP)。结果:(1)基于反应时的内隐结果表明,高社交焦虑组认同积极解释和拒绝消极解释的反应时均显著长于低社交焦虑组;高社交焦虑组对消极解释的认同反应时显著短于拒绝,而对积极解释的认同反应时显著长于拒绝,低社交焦虑组则刚好相反。(2)基于决策(认同率)的外显结果表明,较之低社交焦虑组,高社交焦虑组认同更多消极解释和更少积极解释;两组对积极解释的认同均显著高于消极解释;高社交焦虑组的积极偏差得分显著低于低社交焦虑组。(3)回归分析结果表明,内隐的积极和消极解释偏差共同预测了社交焦虑;外显的消极解释是社交焦虑的主要预测因子。结论:高社交焦虑者呈现不同的内隐和外显解释偏向,即存在内隐的消极解释偏向和积极偏向匮乏,以及外显的积极解释偏向,但外显的积极偏向程度显著弱于低社交焦虑者。

Objective:To explore the interpretation bias of high socially anxious individuals.Methods:52 high-and 36 low-socially anxious individuals completed WSAP.Results:(1)Reaction time results showed that the response time of high social anxiety group was significantly longer in endorsing positive interpretations and rejecting negative ones than that of the low social anxiety group(Ps<0.01).The response time of high social anxiety group was significantly shorter in endorsing than in rejecting to negative interpretations(P<0.05)and longer in endorsing than in rejecting to positive ones(P<0.05),and the low social anxiety group exhibited opposite patterns.(2)Endorsement rates results showed that,compared to the low social anxiety group,high social anxiety group endorsed significantly more negative interpretations(P<0.001)and less positive ones(P<0.05).The endorsement of positive interpretations were significantly higher than that of the negative interpretations both in the low(P<0.001)and in the high social anxiety group(P<0.01),but the positive bias score of high social anxiety group was significantly lower than that of low social anxiety group(P<0.001).(3)Regression analysis showed that implicit positive and negative interpretations together predicted social anxiety severity.Compared to positive interpretation,explicit negative interpretation was the main predictor of social anxiety symptoms.Conclusion:High socially anxious individuals exhibited different implicit and explicit interpretation bias,i.e.,implicit negative interpretation bias and lack of positive bias,as well as explicit positive interpretation bias,but the degree of explicit positive bias was weaker than that of the low socially anxious individuals.