煤矿瓦斯多相协同抑爆的研究进展与展望

Research progress and prospect of multi-phase synergistic explosion suppression of coal mine gas

为深入研究各种煤矿瓦斯抑爆剂的抑爆过程、参数变化以及实际应用,分析国内外研究瓦斯抑爆剂的种类、作用机制和研究方法。结果表明:目前抑爆剂的种类主要有惰性气体、细水雾、粉体、多孔介质、卤代烃5种。作用机制包括稀释反应物浓度、抑爆剂分解吸热、吸附自由基、吸波减振等物理作用和消耗H·、HO·等关键自由基的化学作用。N 2-细水雾协同抑制火焰传播比CO 2-细水雾协同抑制效果更好,但从超压峰值与压力时程角度来看,CO 2的抑爆效果要优于同等条件下N 2的抑爆效果。数值模拟可以在试验的基础上,展示抑爆在真实煤矿环境下的发展过程,使抑爆过程中湍流扰动与各自由基数量变化更详细具体,在开发瓦斯抑爆剂方面,可从抑制H·、HO·等活性自由基生成的基元反应入手,降低其含量,延缓瓦斯爆炸进程,达到抑爆目的。

In order to deeply study the explosion suppression process,parameter change,and practical application of various kinds of coal mine gas explosion suppressants,the types,action mechanism,and research methods of gas explosion suppressants in China and abroad were analyzed,and it is concluded that there are five kinds of explosion suppressants:inert gas,water mist,powder,porous medium,and halogenated hydrocarbon.The mechanism includes physical effects such as dilution of reactant concentration,decomposition and heat absorption of explosion suppressant,absorption of free radicals,and wave absorption and vibration reduction,as well as chemical effects such as consumption of key free radicals including hydrogen radical and hydroxyl radical.The synergistic suppression effect of N 2-water mist on flame propagation is better than that of CO 2-water mist,but the explosion suppression effect of CO 2 is better than that of N 2 under the same conditions in terms of overpressure peak and pressure time history.On the basis of experiments,numerical simulation can show the development process of explosion suppression in real coal mine environments and make the turbulent disturbance and the quantity change of each free radical in the process of explosion suppression more detailed and specific.Finally,in the development of gas explosion suppressants,it is necessary to start with the elementary reaction of active free radicals such as hydrogen radical and hydroxyl radical,reduce its content,and delay the gas explosion process,so as to achieve the purpose of explosion suppression.