希瓦氏菌对污染物的去除机理及其潜在应用价值

Mechanisms of Shewanella Genus for Pollutant Removal and Its Potential Applications: A Review

快速的城市化和工业化进程导致了严重的环境污染,尽管物理化学处理方法能够有效实现污染物的去除,但通常需要较高的成本和复杂的操作过程,且往往会带来二次污染,因此环境友好、经济高效且可持续的微生物修复策略引起了广泛关注。希瓦氏菌拥有细胞色素及电子穿梭体组成的独特电子传递系统,不仅能直接利用胞内外有机或无机污染物作为电子供体或受体实现污染物的去除,还可以通过驱动芬顿反应、合成纳米材料和构建生物电化学系统等途径实现污染物处理和资源化。本文综述了希瓦氏菌的胞外电子传递途径及其在污染物治理领域的研究现状,以期为希瓦氏菌在污染物治理及环境修复领域的研究与应用提供参考。

The continuing processes of rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to serious environmental pollution. Although physico-chemical treatment methods can be effective at removing pollutants, they are typically expensive and complex to implement. Therefore, environmentally friendly, cost-effective and sustainable microbial remediation strategies have attracted a lot of attention. Shewanella species have an electron transport system composed of cytochromes and electron shuttles, allowing them to not only use organic or inorganic pollutants as electron donors or receptors for pollutant removal directly, but also drive Fenton reaction, synthesize nanoparticles, and construct bioelectrochemical systems to degrade and utilize pollutants indirectly. Thus Shewanella species are widely used in environmental remediation research. This review thoroughly summarizes the status quo of the application of Shewanella species in bioremediation of environmentally hazardous contaminants, as well as a synoptical discussion of their extracellular electron transfer mechanism, in order to provide a reference for the application of Shewanella in the field of environmental remediation.