近百年来中国生态民族学理论及其研究进展

Theory of Chinese Ecological Ethnology and Its Research Progress in Recent Hundred Years

20世纪初期,伴随着西方民族学与人类学学科的诞生,生态民族学理论从西方传入中国,在近百年的发展历程中取得了较为丰硕的研究成果。本文通过对我国生态民族学研究在不同发展阶段的研究特征和研究成果进行梳理和评述,总结我国生态民族学学科及其研究中取得的经验,反思生态民族学研究中存在的问题与缺漏,以期推进生态民族学学科建设。目前,我国的生态民族学研究依然存在研究议题泛化、跨学科性关联不强、全球化视野不够等问题。在今后的发展中,生态民族学研究还需加强跨学科(自然科学与人文社会科学)交叉研究与整合研究;加强全球化视野下的跨文化比较研究;关注生态文明建设与乡村振兴;进一步提升和加强生态民族学学科理论建设与应用性研究。

In the early 20th century,with the emergence of western ethnology and anthropology,the theory of ecological ethnology was introduced into China from the West,and it has attained fruitful research achievements in the development course of nearly a hundred years.This article summarizes and reviews the research characteristics and achievements of ecological ethnology in different development stages,summarizes the experience of eco-ethnology in China,and reflects on the problems and gaps in the research of ecological ethnology,so as to promote the construction of the subject of eco-ethnology.At present,there are still some problems in the ecological ethnology research in China,such as the generalization of research issues,the weak interdisciplinary correlation,and the insufficient global perspective.In the future development,the ecological ethnology research should strengthen the interdisciplinary(natural science and humanities and social sciences);strengthen the cross-cultural comparative research in the global perspective,focus on the ecological civilization construction and rural revitalization;and further enhance and strengthen the theoretical construction and applied research of ecological ethnology.