轨道交通沿线分布式光伏示范电站设计方案研究

Design Scheme for Distributed Photovoltaic Demonstration Power Stations along the Rail Transit Line

目的:鉴于现阶段大多数轨道交通车站开始大规模铺设光伏发电设施,但缺乏如何利用轨道交通沿线资源进行光伏发电系统布置的科学研究及工程项目,为了提高光伏与建筑一体化发展,需要对我国轨道交通沿线土地光伏发电系统的设计方案进行研究。方法:介绍了我国首个应用于轨道交通沿线并网发电的装机容量为216 kW的轨道交通沿线分布式光伏示范电站及其能源管理系统的总体设计方案。基于在线监测获取的数据分析了光伏发电系统的平日发电量和出力相关性变化趋势;采用神经网络拟合模型,预测温度、湿度和光照强度对光伏发电系统瞬时功率的影响。结果及结论:影响光伏发电系统的关键影响因素主要为光照强度、温度及湿度。在光照强度为50 lx、湿度为40%的条件下,光伏示范电站的发电瞬时功率随着温度的上升而波动上升,且在15℃时达到峰值,而后波动下降。当湿度小于60%时,其对发电瞬时功率基本无影响;而当湿度大于60%时,发电瞬时功率随湿度的增加而快速减小。光照强度与光伏发电系统的瞬时功率呈正相关,且光照强度在50~200 lx与250~300 lx范围内趋于稳定,而在其他范围内近似线性增加。轨道交通沿线分布式光伏电站的选址应首要考虑光照强度,并尽量避免在高湿度及气候变化剧烈的地区建设。

Objective:Given the current trend of large-scale installation of PV(photovoltaic)power generation facilities at most rail transit stations,there is a lack of scientific research and engineering projects on how to utilize resources along the rail transit line for the deployment of PV power generation systems.To enhance the integrated development of PV with architecture,it is essential to conduct research on the design schemes for land-based PV power generation systems along the rail transit line in China.Method:The overall design scheme of China′s first grid-connected distributed PV demonstration power station along a rail transit line with an installed capacity of 216 kW is introduced,along with its energy management system.Based on data obtained from online monitoring,the trend of correlation variation between daily power generation and output of the PV power generation system is analyzed.A neural network fitting model is employed to predict the impact of temperature,humidity,and light intensity on the instantaneous power of the PV power generation system.Result&Conclusion:The key factors affecting the PV power generation system are primarily light intensity,temperature and humidity.Under conditions of 50 lx light intensity and 40%humidity,the instantaneous power generation of the PV demonstration power station fluctuates upward with increasing temperature,reaching a peak at 15℃,followed by a fluctuating decline.When the humidity is below 60%,it has little effect on instantaneous power,while exceeding 60%,the instantaneous power rapidly decreases with increasing humidity.Light intensity is positively correlated with the instantaneous power of the PV power generation system,stabilizing within the ranges of 50-200 lx and 250-300 lx,while increasing in seemingly linear manner in other ranges.The site selection for distributed PV power stations along the rail transit line should primarily consider light intensity and aim to avoid construction in regions with high humidity and drastic climate changes.