蚍蜉撼树抑或聚沙成塔——国际非政府组织参与传统安全治理的路径差异

Every Little Wastes or Every Little Makes:Exploring the Differences in the Approaches of International Non-Governmental Organizations in Traditional Security Governance After the Cold War

冷战结束后,国际非政府组织虽然广泛参与了全球传统安全治理进程并发挥了不同作用,但国际非政府组织在传统安全领域的治理路径存在显著的差异。相关研究主要从组织绩效、治理方式与议题属性三方面对全球传统安全治理进行了分析。基于组织能力和治理空间两个变量,作者对国际非政府组织参与传统安全治理的路径差异进行了案例对比与分析。组织能力主要受组织资源与组织分歧度的影响,而治理空间主要由议题的紧迫度与主导国的意愿所决定。受组织能力和治理空间的影响,协同型治理、说服型治理、竞争型治理和依附型治理成为国际非政府组织在参与传统安全治理时选择的四种不同路径。冷战后国际非政府组织在国际冲突中参与治理的权益保护、常规军控、和平建设与核军控四个案例可以检验文章提出的理论假设。随着全球安全议题的不断增加,全球安全治理也亟须改革和进一步完善。中国在推动全球安全倡议落实时,既要与其他国家携手合作,又应关注和重视国际非政府组织的多重作用,推动全球安全治理的多元发展。

Since the end of the Cold War,international non-governmental organizations(INGOs),while extensively participating in global traditional security governance and playing various roles,have shown significant differences in their governance approaches in the realm of traditional security.Relevant research primarily analyzes global traditional security governance from three aspects:organizational performance,governance methods,and issue attributes.Based on the variables of organizational capacity and governance space,the authors analyze the differences in the paths of INGOs participation in traditional security governance.Organizational capacity is primarily influenced by organizational resources and organizational divergence,while governance space is mainly determined by the urgency of the issues and the willingness of the leading countries.Influenced by organizational capacity and governance space,synergetic governance,persuasive governance,competitive governance,and dependent governance are the different paths adopted by INGOs in participating in traditional security governance.The authors test the theoretical hypothesis proposed in the article through examining four cases of post-Cold War INGOs in international conflicts:protection of interests,conventional arms control,peacebuilding,and nuclear arms control.With the continuous increase in global security issues,there is an urgent need for reform and improvement in global security governance.Looking to the future,as China promotes the implementation of the"Global Security Initiative",it should not only collaborate with other countries,but also pay attention to and value the multiple roles of INGOs,so as to achieve the diversified development of global security governance.