旧镇湾潮间带春秋季环境健康分析与评价

Analysis and Evaluation of the Environmental Health in Spring and Autumn in the Intertidal Zone of Jiuzhen Bay

为研究福建旧镇湾潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构特征,分别于春季(5月)和秋季(9月)对旧镇湾西岸3个站位的表层沉积物环境理化指标测定和大型底栖动物开展调查。旧镇湾潮间带春、秋季共鉴定底栖动物86种,分属6门。春、秋两季大型底栖动物平均丰度分别为938.13、798.93 ind·m^(-2);平均生物量分别为288.87、291.03 g·m^(-2)。秋季的物种多样性Shannon-Weaver指数(H′)、Pielou均匀度指数(J′)以及Margalef物种丰富度指数(D)值都呈现较春季更高的现象。春季和秋季的大型底栖动物污染指数(MPI)分别为0.35和-0.36,表明潮间带底栖生态环境受到轻度污染。研究结果为后续旧镇湾潮间带大型底栖动物生态学研究、评价人为因素对海洋生态系统的影响提供科学资料。

In order to study the community structure characteristics of macrobenthos in the intertidal zone of Jiuzhen Bay in Fujian Province,a survey of the environmental physicochemical index of surface sediments and macrobenthos at 3 sampling points on the west coast of Jiuzhen Bay was carried out in spring(May)and autumn(September).A total of 86 species of macrobenthos belonging to 6 phyla were identified in the intertidal zone of Jiuzhen Bay in spring and autumn.The average abundance of macrobenthos in spring and autumn was 938.13 ind·m^(-2)and 798.93 ind·m^(-2),respectively.The average biomass was 288.87 g·m^(-2)and 291.03 g·m^(-2),respectively.The Shannon-Weaver index(H′),Pielou evenness index(J′)and Margalef species richness index(D)of species diversity in autumn were all higher than those in spring.The pollution index(MPI)of macrobenthos in spring and autumn was 0.35 and-0.36,respectively,indicating that the intertidal benthic ecological environment was moderately polluted.The results provided scientific data for the subsequent study of the ecology of macrobenthic animals in the intertidal zone of Jiuzhen Bay and the evaluation of the impact of human factors on marine ecosystems.