饮茶改善糖代谢的作用及机制研究进展

Research Progress on Effect and Mechanism of Tea Drinking on Glucose Metabolism

目的:总结和分析茶与糖代谢的关系,从而指导合理饮茶。方法:按不同的证据等级分析了茶对于糖尿病前期1型糖尿病、2型糖尿病以及并发症的作用,同时探讨了茶的主要功能成分和目前研究较多的作用机制以及影响因素。结果与结论:饮茶对于1型糖尿病和2型糖尿病的影响较为复杂,对于糖尿病前期以及糖尿病并发症有积极作用。茶叶中的EGCG、茶多糖和咖啡因等物质在抑制血糖升高、减少肥胖、抗氧化等代谢调节方面具有积极作用,其作用机制可以从减缓淀粉消化、调节肠道菌群、改善胰岛素抵抗、促进能量消耗等方面来解释。影响茶对于糖代谢干预效果的因素有冲泡方式及时间、茶品种差异、生活方式差异等。

【Objective】To summarize and analyze the relationship between tea and sugar metabolism so that we can have a deeper understanding of the efficacy of tea,so as to rationally drink tea.【Method】Effects of tea on type 1 diabetes mellitus,type 2 diabetes mellitus,prediabetes mellitus and complications were analyzed according to different levels of evidence,and the mechanism and influencing factors of main functional components of tea were also discussed.【Result and Conclusion】Tea consumption has a complex effect on type 1 and type 2 diabetes,and has positive effect on prediabetes and diabetes complications.EGCG,tea polysaccharide,caffeine and other substances in tea play a positive role in inhibiting blood glucose,reducing obesity,anti-oxidation and other metabolic regulation.Its mechanism can be explained by slowing down starch digestion,regulating intestinal flora,improving insulin resistance and promoting energy consumption.The factors that affect the effect of tea on glucose metabolism include brewing method and time,tea variety difference,and even ethnic differences in living habits.