寒区高速公路路线三维设计优化研究

Research on 3D Design Optimization of Freeway Route in Cold Regions

为突破二维平面在寒区高速公路选线设计中的局限性,将GIS的空间数据分析和BIM的三维可视化功能相结合以实现路线三维设计优化的新框架。依托寒区高速公路—鹤伊高速,首先通过GIS数据采集及规范化处理获取高精度地理数据模型,再将其集成到BIM平台上获取三维地理信息模型,最后借助BIM技术进行分区域选线应用,实现科学高效的寒区路线规划。研究结果表明,利用GIS地理数据和BIM技术生成的深挖路基与隧道模型,从安全和经济方面进行方案对比分析,综合结果与设计方意见一致;与水槽实验模拟结果对比,验证了BIM技术可通过洪水模拟分析对涉水工程不同方案的合理性进行评估;利用该框架对复杂交叉路口进行交通模拟分析,得到的交通数据可为公路工程建设指标的确定提供参考数据。基于GIS与BIM等信息化技术对鹤伊高速公路路线三维设计的应用研究,能够形成示范性成果为后续寒区工程选线优化提供借鉴。

To break through the limitations of two-dimensional plane in the optimization of highway route design in cold regions,a new framework is proposed that effectively combines the spatial data analysis of GIS with the 3D visualization function of BIM to achieve 3D route design optimization.This paper relies on the cold zone freeway He-Yi,firstly obtaining high precision geographic data model through GIS data collection and normalization processing,then integrating it into the BIM platform to obtain 3D geographic information model,and finally using BIM technology for sub-regional route selection application to achieve scientific and efficient cold zone route planning.The research results show that the deep excavation roadbed and tunnel models generated by using GIS geographic data and BIM technology are compared and analyzed from both safety and economic aspects of the scheme,and the comprehensive results are consistent with the designer's opinion.The comparison with the simulation results of water tank experiments verifies that BIM technology can evaluate the rationality of different schemes of water-related projects through flood simulation analysis.The traffic simulation analysis of complex intersections using this framework and the traffic data obtained can provide reference data for the determination of road construction indexes.The research on the application of GIS+BIM information technology to the three-dimensional design of He-Yi freeway route can form exemplary results to provide reference for the optimization of the subsequent cold region project selection.