郑州市树木园植物群落景观综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of plant community landscape in Zhengzhou arboretum

【目的】对郑州市树木园植物群落景观进行综合评价,以期为提升园林植物群落景观设计效果提供理论依据。【方法】实地勘察查郑州市树木园,选取较为典型的地带树木展示区、濒危树木园区、观果林区、空中花园、绚秋林区、垂直绿化区、乡土树种园、引种驯化区以及化石园为主要调研区域,共选27个代表性植物群落样方作为研究对象。同时,围绕树木园植物群落景观人文属性、环境属性两个层级,构建6个维度18个综合评价指标体系,并采用AHP层次分析法确定评价指标权重,得出不同植物群落适宜性排序。【结果】1)郑州市树木园植物群落景观各目标层权重大小为环境属性(52.54%)>人文属性(47.46%),意味着二者均在植物群落景观设计中占据重要地位;各准则层权重大小为自然度(23.84%)>观赏度(22.31%)>健康度(19.85%)>亲绿度(17.12%)>节水度(8.85%)>和谐度(8.03%),表明在展开郑州市树木园植物群落景观设计过程中,应重点关注植物群落的环境属性,即自然性、观赏性、健康性,并辅以多元人文属性进行植物景观搭配;2)景观综合评价结果分析指出,郑州市树木园植物群落的9个分区景观得分为濒危树木园区(6.261 5)>地带树木展示区(5.984 5)>观果林区(5.731 4)>垂直绿化区(5.659 1)>乡土树种园(5.573 2)>空中花园(5.526 4)>绚秋林区(5.349 7)>引种驯化区(3.232 3)>化石园(2.711 6);3)依据评价结果,从人文与环境两重属性出发,针对郑州市树木园植物群落景观提出规划布局与规划内容的设计策略。【结论】运用AHP方法对郑州市树木园9个分区景观植物群落景观进行综合评价,为树木园植物植被类型结构调整与景观优化提供理论参照。

【Objective】To comprehensively evaluate the plant community landscape of Zhengzhou arboretum,in order to provide theoretical basis for improving the effect of landscape design of garden plant community.【Method】A field survey was conducted in Zhengzhou arboretum,and 27 representative plant community quadrats were selected as the research objects,including typical zonal tree display area,endangered tree park,fruit viewing forest area,sky garden,gorgeous autumn forest area,vertical green area,native tree garden,introduction and domestication area and fossil garden.At the same time,around the two levels of landscape humanistic attributes and environmental attributes of arboretum plant communities,a comprehensive evaluation index system of 6 dimensions and 18 indexes was constructed,and the weight of evaluation index was determined by AHP analytic hierarchy process,and the suitability ranking of different plant communities was obtained.【Result】1)The weight of each target layer of plant community landscape in Zhengzhou arboretum was environmental attribute(52.54%)and humanistic attribute(47.46%),which mean that both of them occupy an important position in plant community landscape design;The weights of each criterion layer were naturalness(23.84%)>ornamental degree(22.31%)>health degree(19.85%)>greenness degree(17.12%)>water saving degree(8.85%)>harmony degree(8.03%),indicating that in the process of landscape design of plant communities in Zhengzhou arboretum,attention should be paid to the environmental attributes of plant communities,i.e.naturalness,ornamental and health,and the plant landscape should be matched with multiple humanistic attributes;2)According to the analysis of the results of the comprehensive landscape evaluation,the landscape scores of the nine zones of the plant community in Zhengzhou arboretum were as follows:endangered tree park(6.2615)>zone tree display area(5.9845)>fruit viewing forest area(5.7314)>vertical green area(5.6591)>native tree garden(5.5732)>sky garden(5.5264)>gorgeous autumn forest area(5.3497)>introduction and domestication area(3.2323)>fossil park(2.7116).3)According to the evaluation results,from the dual attributes of humanity and environment,the design strategy of planning layout and planning content for the plant community landscape of Zhengzhou arboretum was put forward.【Conclusion】AHP method is used to comprehensively evaluate the landscape of plant communities in nine subareas of Zhengzhou arboretum,which provides a theoretical reference for the adjustment of plant vegetation type structure and landscape optimization in the arboretum.