浅刺疗法治疗过敏性鼻炎临床概况

Clinical Survey of Shallow Insertion in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

过敏性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis, AR)主要病因为肺脾肾三脏亏虚,“气虚络瘀、玄府失司”是其核心病机,AR的发生由免疫失衡导致,与中医的阴阳失衡相契合。与传统针刺法相比,浅刺疗法针刺深度较浅、针感柔和,从视觉上减轻患者的紧张感,且具有与传统针刺相同的疗效。浅刺疗法常用针具有腕踝针、皮内针、三棱针等,常用方法有沿皮透穴刺法、腕踝针法、毫针浅刺等,治疗过敏性鼻炎常选用鼻周穴及膀胱经经穴。浅刺疗法取效机理包含皮部理论、卫气理论、络病理论等,有的浅刺疗法要求以不产生酸麻痛胀等针感为宜,与传统针灸疗法需得气的要求相悖。可见,浅刺疗法也是对传统针灸治疗学的实践与拓展,其取效理论必然离不开针灸经络理论。目前,在治疗AR方面,传统针刺疗法与浅刺疗法的对比研究还较少,今后还需加强该方面的研究,拓展针灸治疗AR的临床应用。

Allergic rhinitis(AR)is mainly caused by deficiency of the lung,spleen and kidney."Qi deficiency and collateral stasis and sweat pores'dysfunction"are its core pathogenesis.The occurrence of AR is caused by immune imbalance,which is consistent with the imbalance of yin and yang in TCM.Compared with traditional acupuncture,shallow insertion has shallow acupuncture depth and soft ac-upuncture feeling,which can visually reduce the tension of patients,and has the same curative effect as traditional acupuncture.Common needles for shallow insertion include wrist ankle needle,intradermal needle,three-edged needle,etc.Common methods include needling along the skin penetrating points,wrist ankle needling,shallow insertion with millimeter needle,etc.Treatment of AR often chooses nasal points and bladder meridian points.The effect mechanism of shallow insertion includes skin theory,defense qi theory,collateral disease theory,etc.Some shallow insertion therapy requires that there is no needing sensation such as aching pain,numbness,swlling,etc.,which is contrary to the requirement of obtaining qi in traditional acupuncture therapy.It can be seen that shallow insertion is also the practice and expansion of traditional acupuncture therapy,and its effectiveness theory must be inseparable from the meridian theory of acupuncture.At present,in the treatment of AR,there are few comparative studies between traditional acupuncture therapy and shallow insertion therapy.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen the research in this area and expand the clinical application of acupuncture in the treatment of AR.