新一代钢铁制造流程绿色化高效运行实践探索

Practice and exploration of green and high efficiency operation of new generation steel manufacturing process

首钢京唐钢铁厂是以冶金流程工程学理论为指导,采用一系列先进技术构建的具有“动态-有序、协同-连续”特征的新一代钢铁制造流程。十余年的运行实践表明,新一代钢铁流程构建简捷顺畅的流程网络更有利于物质流高效快捷流动、能量流最小耗散、信息流全面贯通。高炉通过采用50%以上高比例球团冶炼、高富氧高风温、喷煤降焦、烧结降碳减排综合技术等措施,实现长周期绿色低碳高效顺稳运行,高炉利用系数达到2.52 t/(m^(3)·d)、焦比达到264.1 kg/t,煤比达到203.2 kg/t。通过高炉-转炉界面采用铁水罐多功能化技术并实施智能化管控,实现月均铁水温降小于95℃;1400℃以上的高温铁水经过KR铁水脱硫预处理后w(S)不大于0.0020%的比例超过95%。炼钢厂借助洁净钢平台先进的流程网络,采用专线化生产组织,通过一系列工艺技术提升,使转炉全炉役吹炼终点熔池平均碳氧积降低至0.00147,2022年全年转炉平均出钢温度降低至1641℃,生产IF钢中间包钢水全氧质量分数2022年全年平均低至0.0015%,连铸低碳钢拉速达到2.0 m/min以上,实现了高品质洁净钢薄板持续稳定、高效、绿色化生产。通过高效能源转换、回收、利用技术,污染物及固体废弃物源头减量、高效处理、资源化再利用技术,实现了流程能效大幅度提升、CO_(2)减排,全流程吨钢新水消耗仅为2.62 m^(3)(其中海水淡化水占66%),气体污染物排放全面达到超低排放水平、固体废弃物及水实现近零排放。

As a new generation steel manufacturing process with the characteristics of"dynamic-ordered,collaborative-continuous",Shougang Jingtang Iron and Steel Plant was built by adopting the theory of metallurgical process engineering and a series of advanced technologies.More than ten years of operational practice shows that building a briefness and smooth process network for the new generation steel manufacturing process is more conducive to high efficiency material flow and least dissipation of energy flow and also the implement of the overall throughout of information flow.The blast furnace(BF)has achieved long-term,green,low-carbon,high-efficient and stable operation by applying a series of technologies including over 50%high proportion pellet smelting,high oxygen enrichment and high air temperature,coal injection for coke reduction,and sintering for carbon reduction and emission reduction.The BF utilization coefficient,coke rate and coal injection rate has reached over 2.52 t/(m^(3)·d),264.1 kg/t and 203.2 kg/t.By hot metal tank in the BF-BOF interface,the temperature drop of hot metal has achieved to be less than 95℃.High temperature molten iron above 1400℃through hot metal desulfurization pretreatment based on KR process,high-efficient,the proportion of w(S)≤0.0020%is more than 95%after KR.Owing to the advanced process network of the clean steel platform,specialized production organization,and process technology improvement,the bath average carbon-oxygen equilibrium at endpoint for the entire service life of BOF has reduced to 0.00147,the average tapping temperature of BOF in 2022 has reduced to 1641℃,and the IF steel intermediate ladle has a total oxygen content of as low as 0.0015%on average throughout 2022,and the casting speed of continuous casting low-carbon steel has reached over 2.0 m/min achieving high efficiency,achieving high efficiency,green and low-carbon production of high-quality clean steel sheets.The process energy efficiency has been significant improved through efficient energy conversion,recycling,and utilization technologies,a significant improvement in process energy efficiency and CO_(2)emission reduction have been achieved by using a series technologies involving source reduction,high-efficient treatment,and resource reuse for pollutants and solid waste.Also,fresh-water consumption per ton of steel in the whole process is only 2.62 m^(3)(The proportion of desalinated water is 66%),the ultra-low emission of gas pollutant and near zero emissions of solid waste and water have been achieved.