个人信息被遗忘权的刑法保护规则研究

An Analysis of the Exercise Space of Criminal Regulation of the Right of Personal Information to be Forgotten

在治理侵犯个人信息犯罪过程中,个人信息被遗忘权的刑法保护存在困局,具体包括立法上的刑民断层问题、理论上的供给不足问题和制度上的法域冲突问题。个人信息被遗忘权的刑法保护宜采取消极保护模式,应认识到该项权利存在自然犯和法定犯双重属性,需在法定犯内容范围中涉“公共利益”考量时,参考其他法律规定进行一定限度的保护。针对重点领域个人信息的保护,应以差序化保护规则分类分层保护个人信息被遗忘权。为实现刑事司法领域被遗忘权的合理运行,以时间向度和空间向度对个人信息被遗忘权的刑法保护提出限度要求,最后考虑侵犯个人信息被遗忘权的犯罪排除事由。

In the process of combating the crime against personal information,there are difficulties in the protection of the right of personal information to be forgotten in criminal law,including the problem of criminal and civilian fault in legislation,the problem of insufficient supply in theory and the problem of legal conflict in system.The criminal law protection of the right of personal information to be forgotten should adopt a passive protection model,which should recognize the dual nature of natural crime and statutory crime,and should be protected to a certain extent with reference to other legal provisions when considering“public interest”in the scope of statutory crime.For the protection of personal information in key areas,the right of personal information to be forgotten should be protected by hierarchical classification of differential protection rules.In order to realize the rational operation of the right to be forgotten in the field of criminal justice,the limits of the criminal law protection of the right to be forgotten of personal information are put forward in the dimension of time and space,and finally the exclusion of the crime of violating the right to be forgotten of personal information is considered.