居家照料与失能老年人死亡风险关系追踪研究

A Follow-up Study on Home Care and Mortality Hazard among Older Adults with Disability

本文利用中国老年健康影响因素追踪调查(CLHLS)数据,采用Kaplan-Meier法、Cox回归等生存分析方法,分析居家照料与失能老年人死亡风险关系,为发展完善我国老年人居家失能照料服务提供实证研究依据。结果显示,追踪期内失能老年人全因死亡率为70.47%,平均生存时长为2.45年,居家照料特征以子女或配偶照料、轻度失能、有偿照料为主,照料需求满足程度低;轻度失能、有偿照料、照料需求满足均对失能老年人死亡风险有抑制作用。建议以满足照料需求为导向,关注弱势失能老年群体,开展照料技能培训,失能预防关口前移,推进长期护理保险制度,提升失能老年人晚年健康福祉。

Based on the data of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS),this article analyzes the relation between home care and mortality hazard among older adults with disability using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression to provide research evidence for developing home care service in China.Results show that 70.47%of objects die with average survival time of 2.45 years.Home care is characterized by children or spousal care,slight disability,paid care and care needs scarcely met.Slight disability,paid care and needs met have negative effects on mortality hazard of disabled elderly.Suggestions are put forward that needs should be met,vulnerable older adults with disability should be concerned,care skills should be trained,disability prevention should be undertaken in advance and long-term care insurance should be pushed to promote the health and wellbeing of older adults with disability.