机器人教师的价值维度与发展路向

The Value Dimension and Development Direction of Robot Teachers

机器人教师是具有“类师性”特征、高度智能化的特定类型机器人。一方面,这类机器人有别于传统意义的人类教师,主要通过应用程序参与教育教学活动,大多以实体机器人、虚拟数字人等形态呈现,服务于教学活动,助力学生发展;另一方面,作为具有非常突出的“类师性”特征的机器人,它们不仅是教师群体在类型上的扩展,而且还是高度智能化类似于教师的一种特殊“主体”。随着科技的进步,机器人教师不断迭代升级。在新一轮人工智能技术迅猛发展的时代背景下,机器人教师迈入了以智能化为特征的新时期。越来越多且越来越智能化的机器人教师纷纷进入教育实践领域。机器人教师有助于推动教育高质量发展,促进教育理论研究的拓展与深化,改善教育生态系统,改进教学活动方式。为促进机器人教师的全面推广应用与协调发展,我国应加强立法工作,为机器人教师创造良好的应用环境;加强技术规范,制定机器人教师应达到的基本要求与技术规格;加强理论研究,建构与机器人教师相适应的教育理论体系;加强应用研究,注重智能化和育人性,提升机器人教师研发水平。

The robot teacher is a specific type of robot that endows teachers with brand-new connotation.On the one hand,such robots are different from traditional human teachers in that they mainly participate in educational and teaching activities in the form of applications.They are presented in different forms such as physical robots or virtual digital humans.Objectively,they are all robots with teacher characteristics that serve teaching activities and help students develop.On the other hand,as robots with very prominent“teacher-like”characteristics,they are not only an extension of teachers groups in types,but also a highly intelligent special“subject”similar to teachers.With the progress of science and technology,robot teachers are constantly iterating and upgrading.In the context of a new round of rapid development of artificial intelligence,robot teachers have entered an intelligent era.More and more intelligent robot teachers have entered the field of educational practice.Robot teachers are not only conducive to building a high-quality education system,but also help improve the educational ecological environment,promote the innovation and development of educational theory and practice,and enhance the level of teaching and education.To promote the all-round popularization,application and coordinated development of robot teachers,China should improve legislative construction to create a good application environment for robot teachers;strengthen technical specifications,formulate basic requirements and technical specifications that robot teachers should meet;strengthen theoretical and practical research,and construct teaching methodology for robot teachers adapting to the development of the new era.