北京地区分户空气源热泵供暖与市政集中供暖对比分析

根据《北京市民用建筑节能降碳工作方案暨“十四五”时期民用建筑绿色发展规划》[1],提倡新建建筑采用分户热泵供暖系统。但目前北京地区城市居住建筑中,大部分还是采用市政集中供暖。为有效推动分户热泵供暖系统在北京地区的推广应用,本文从初投资、运行费用、碳排放量、使用感受、管理运维、对建筑方案影响等角度对分户热泵供暖系统与市政集中供暖系统进行对比分析。结论为:初投资跟户型建筑面积相关;分户空气源热泵供暖系统的运行费用及碳排放量更低;分户空气源热泵供暖系统更灵活智能、减少物业运维、对建筑方案更有利但对热泵设备也提出了更高的要求。

According to the"Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction in Beijing Civil Buildings and the Green Development Plan for Civil Buildings during the"14th Five Year Plan"period[1],it is advocated to adopt household heat pump heating systems for new buildings.However,at present,most urban residential buildings in Beijing still use municipal centralized heating.In order to effectively promote household heat pump heating systems,this article conducts a comparative analysis from the perspectives of initial investment,operating costs,carbon emissions,use experience,management,operation and maintenance,and impact on building schemes.The conclusion is that the initial investment is related to the building area of the house type;Household air source heat pump heating systems have lower operating costs and carbon emissions;Household air source heat pump heating systems are more flexible and intelligent,reduce property operation and maintenance,and are more beneficial to building schemes,but also pose higher requirements for heat pump equipment.