沙尘天气对宁夏环境空气质量的影响探究

Research on the Impact of Sand and Dust Weather on the Environmen⁃tal Air Quality in Ningxia

【目的】通过分析沙尘天气污染程度和污染过程,探究沙尘天气下的污染特征及变化规律。【方法】依托宁夏现有大气环境质量监测网数据,开展综合分析研究。【结果】宁夏沙尘污染天次和污染程度呈现明显加重趋势,除去本地扬尘源污染,主要以外来性输入沙尘为主。PM2.5与PM10的比值结果表明,非沙尘天气下比值在0.45~0.49,沙尘过程中比值为0.27~0.30,结果均表现出统一性,即沙尘过程中PM2.5在PM10的占比明显小于非沙尘过程。相关性分析表明,沙尘天气下PM10与PM2.5呈现较强的正相关性。【结论】可以采取提升沙尘预报预警能力、加强本地扬尘源管控、及时开展清尘行动及区域联防联控最大限度降低沙尘污染强度。

[Purposes]By analyzing the pollution degree and pollution process of sand-dust weather,the pollution characteristics and variation rules under sand-dust weather were explored.[Methods]Based on the existing atmospheric environmental quality monitoring network in Ningxia,a comprehensive analy⁃sis was carried out.[Findings]The results showed that the days and degree of dust pollution in Ningxia showed a significant increasing trend.Except for the local dust source pollution,the external input dust was dominant.The results of the ratio of PM2.5 to PM10 show that the ratio is 0.45~0.49 in non-dust weather and 0.27~0.30 in dust process,and the results show unity,which means that,the proportion of PM2.5 in PM10 in dust process is significantly smaller than that in non-dust process.Correlation analysis showed that there was a strong positive correlation between PM10 and PM2.5 in dust weather.[Conclu⁃sions]The dust pollution intensity can be minimized by improving the ability of dust forecast and early warning,strengthening the control of local dust sources,timely carrying out dust removal actions and re⁃gional joint prevention and control.