教育局长关注基础教育领域主题的变化特征、影响因素及启示——基于中国知网630份文本的NVivo编码分析

The Director of Education Bureau Focusing on the Basic Education——Thematic Changes,Influencing Factors and Enlightenments

教育局长是基层教育行政管理组织中的“关键少数”,也是我国基础教育改革和发展政策的执行者,他们在一定程度上决定了我国基础教育改革与发展的质量。论文借助NVivo12软件对中国知网中1978-2022年630份教育局长资料进行文本分析,通过词频分布呈现教育局长关注基础教育领域主题的基本情况,在编码的基础上提炼出其关注义务教育发展、体制机制改革、落实教育方针、信息化赋能教育四个主题的变化情况。教育局长关注点变化受教育局长个人经历、教育场域他者等主观因素,以及政治政策、经济发展、地区现状、科技发展等客观因素的影响。通过分析表明:(1)教育局长关注基础教育领域的主题与国家的政策背景高度一致,政策环境的变化为其提供了外部条件;(2)教育局长的个人素养为其快速关注到基础教育领域的问题提供了基础条件;(3)教育局长始终是引领者的角色,但是教育局长的关注点落地离不开校长与教师群体的集体实践;(4)教育局长对基础教育领域关注点的表现样态与传达方式都存在差异。本研究可以为当前教育局长引领基础教育改革与发展提供参考。

The director of education bureau is the “key minority”in the administrative organization of basic education,and also the executor of the reform and development policy of basic education in our country,who determines the quality of the reform and development of basic education to a certain extent.With the help of NVivo12 software,this paper analyzes the text of 630 data of the directors from 1978-2022 in the Knowledge Network,and presents the basic situation of the directors' attention to the theme of basic education through the word frequency distribution.On the basis of coding,it extracts the changes of four themes:the development of compulsory education,the reform of institutional mechanisms,the implementation of educational policies and the information empowerment education.Changes in the focus of the director are influenced by subjective factors such as the personal experience,others in the education field,as well as objective factors such as political policies,economic development,regional status and technological development.The analysis shows that:1.The theme that the director pays attention to the basic education is highly consistent with the national policy background,and the change of the policy environment provides external conditions for it;2.The personal quality of the director provides the basic conditions for him to quickly pay attention to the problems in the field of basic education;3.The director always plays a leading role,but the focus of the director cannot be achieved without the collective practice of principals and teachers;4.There are differences in the pattern and manner of expression of the director's focus on the basic education reform.This study can provide reference for the current directors to lead the reform and development of basic education.